Natural Resource Management for Sustainable Development in the Caribbean
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Description
Contents
Reviews
Language
English
ISBN
9789768125767
Contents
Acknowledgements
Introduction: Managing Nature as Resource
Resources from Nature - Issues of Ethics and Governance
Types of Impact of the Human Use of Nature
Population
Management of Natural Resources
Scope and Organization of this Volume
References and Further Reading
Chapter 1: The Planetary Environment: A Chemical Perspective
Introduction
Chemical Bonds and the Shapes of Molecules and Ions
Types of Chemical Reaction
The Structure and Composition of the Earth’s Environment
The Origins of Our Earth Environment
The Composition and Structure of the Spheres of our Earth Environment
The Biosphere
The Lithosphere
The Hydrosphere
The Atmosphere
The Earth’s Energy Balance
Stratospheric Ozone
The Greenhouse Effect
Biogeochemical Cycles
The Carbon Biogeochemical Cycle
Carbon in the Atmosphere
Carbon in the Lithosphere and Biosphere
Carbon in the Hydrosphere
Transport of Carbon Between Spheres
The Biogeochemistry of Metals
The Lead Cycle
The Phosphorus and Nitrogen Cycles
The Phosphorus Cycle
The Nitrogen Cycle
The Role of Chemical Analyses in Environmental Chemistry
Conclusion
References and Further Reading
Chapter 2: Water Resources
Introduction
The Hydrologic Cycle
The Hydrologic Framework
The Hydrologic Basin
Surface Water
Groundwater
Water Balances
Surface Water Balance
Groundwater Balance
Groundwater Utilization in the Caribbean
Watershed Planning and Management
Dams
Water Yield
Water Resources Management
Integrated Water Resources Planning and Management
Institutionalization of the Integration Process
Development and Use of Water
Agriculture
Industry
Domestic Use
Water as Habitat
Fresh Water from Sea Water
Water and Conflict
Watershed Processes and Their Impact on Water Resources
Forest Hydrology
Impact of Logging on Water Yield
Flood and Drought
Water Quality
Factors Affecting Water Quality
Water Resource Management and Sustainability
Definition of Water Resource Sustainability
Water Scarcity
Water Resource Management: Problems and Issues in the Tropics
Demand Analysis and Management
Options for a Sustainable Future
Conclusion
References and Further Reading
Chapter 3: Living Aquatic Resource Management
Introduction
The Nature of the Management System
Trends in Fishery Management
Theoretical Bases of Living Aquatic Resource Management
Single-Species Population Models
Multispecies and Ecosystem Considerations
Technical Interactions
Species Interactions
Ecosystem Interactions
The Bioeconomic Model
The Development Sequence of a Fishery
An Overview of Caribbean Fisheries
The Harvesting Subsector
Fishery Resource Types
Shallow Reef Fishes
Deep Slope and Bank Fishes
Spiny Lobster
Conch
Large Pelagic Fishes
Coastal Pelagic Fishes
Small Pelagic Fishes
Shrimps
Groundfish
Coastal Demersal
Miscellaneous
Post-Harvest Handling of the Catch
Distribution and Marketing of the Catch
Development and Management
Management Objectives and Reference Points
Data and Information Requirements
Traditional Knowledge
Resource Assessment
Management Measures
Control Measures
Monitoring, Control, and Surveillance (MCS)
Parks and Protected Areas
Adaptive Management
The Legislative Basis of Fishery Management
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
Institutional Requirements
National
International
Research and Development Institutions
Co-Management
Environmental Linkages and Integrated Coastal Zone Management
Relationships Among Harvesting, Processing, and Marketing Subsectors
Conclusions and Future Directions
Rerferences and Further Reading
Appendices
Appendix 1: The “Tragedy of the Commons”
Appendix 2: Earth Summit - Agenda 21
Appendix 3: Risk and Uncertainty in Fisheries Management
Chapter 4: Managing Forest Resources
Overview
Introduction
Existing Forest Resources
Forest Area
Forest Ownership
Forest Types
Demand and Supply
Direct and Indirect Benefits of Forestry
Timber and Minor Forest Products
Other Benefits from Forests
Nature Tourism
Forest Destruction and Overexploitation
Forest Ecology and Biological Diversity
Assessment of Biological Diversity
Conservation of Wildlife
The Iwokrama International Rain Forest Programme
Management of Forests for Sustained Yield
Forests and Sustainable Development
Forest Policy
Forest Legislation
Forest Management
Yield Regulation
Plantation Forestry and Agroforestry Systems
Maintenance and Thinning
Agroforestry Systems
Fuelwood Needs
Some Economic Considerations
Revision of National Economic Strategies
Conclusion
References and Further Reading
Chapter 5: Sustainable Development of Caribbean Agriculture
Introduction
Sustainability Issues Associated with Agriculture
Pesticides
Fertilizers
Livestock
Irrigation
Overview of Caribbean Agriculture
The Impact of Agriculture on the Caribbean Environment
Soil
Water
Air
Forests
Other Natural Resources
Human Health
Economic Impact
Social Factors
Overall Assessment
Sustainability Challenges for Caribbean Agriculture
Alternative Production Systems Towards Sustainable Caribbean Agriculture
Socio-Economic Strategies
Trade Liberalization
Promotion of Economic Growth
Improvement of Human Capital in Agriculture
Conclusion
References and Further Reading
Chapter 6: Energy and Sustainable Development
Introduction
History of the Oil Industry
The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
Heavy Oil and Tar Sands
Coal
Nuclear Power
Future Energy Supply
Is Renewable Energy Important?
Hydropower
Solar Thermal Energy
Photovoltaic Energy
Wind Energy
Biomass
Geothermal Energy
Fuel Cells
Integrating Renewables with the Grid
Technology Transition
Environmental Constraints
Policy
Epilogue
Gender-Sensitive Energy Planning
The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
How Much More Oil?
The Electricity Sector
Sustainable Energy for the Caribbean
References and Further Reading
Chapter 7: Recreational Use of Natural Resources
Introduction
Recreational Use and Impact on the Natural Environment
Physical Exercise
Containment
Landscaping
Visitor Information
Regulation
Mechanical Vehicles
Natural History Interest
Physical Impact
Disturbance of the Biota
Aquatic Activities
Boating
Swimming
Snorkelling/SCUBA Diving
Hunting
Management
Conservation of the Attraction
Revenue Generation
Financial Sustainability
The Potential for Expansion
Effects of Recreation on Resource Quality
Local Use Versus Tourism
Recreation in Action - the Jamaican Experience
Coastal Recreation
Inland Recreation
National Parks
Recreational Activity in the Blue and John Crow National Park
The Montego Bay Marine Park
Conclusion
References and further reading
Chapter 8: Coastal Zone Management
Introduction
Definition of the Coastal Zone
Resource Utilization
The Need for Management
Description of the Coastal Zone
Major Components, Resources, and Processes
Beaches
Watersheds, Rivers, and Estuaries
Harbours, Bays, and Coastal Lagoons
Wetlands, Marshes, and Swamps
Coral Reefs and Seagrass Beds
Economic Activities of the Coastal Zone
Urbanization
Shipping and Ports
Recreation and Tourism
Mining and Quarrying
Agriculture and Agro-industry
Aquaculture
Fisheries
Scientific Research and National Parks
Management of the Coastal Zone
Environmental Setting
Principles of Environmental Management
Population Pressures
Land Use
Waste Management and Pollution Control
Sanitation and Public Health
Disaster Management
Developing a Coastal Zone Management Programme
Methodologies
Resources Evaluation
Impact Assessment
Natural Resources Accounting
The Institutional Framework
Conclusion
References and Further Reading
Contributors
Index
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