History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom
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HISTORY OF THE WARFARE OF SCIENCE WITH THEOLOGY IN CHRISTENDOM
Two Volumes Combined
To the Memory of EZRA CORNELL I DEDICATE THIS BOOK.
Thoughts that great hearts once broke for, we Breathe cheaply in the common air.—LOWELL Dicipulus est prioris posterior dies.—PUBLIUS SYRUS Truth is the daughter of Time.—BACON The Truth shall make you free.—ST. JOHN, viii, 32.
INTRODUCTION
DETAILED CONTENTS OF THE FIRST VOLUME.
CHAPTER I. FROM CREATION TO EVOLUTION.
I. THE VISIBLE UNIVERSE.
II. THEOLOGICAL TEACHINGS REGARDING THE ANIMALS AND MAN.
III. THEOLOGICAL AND SCIENTIFIC THEORIES, OF AN EVOLUTION IN ANIMATED
IV. THE FINAL EFFORT OF THEOLOGY.
CHAPTER II. GEOGRAPHY.
I. THE FORM OF THE EARTH.
II. THE DELINEATION OF THE EARTH.
III. THE INHABITANTS OF THE EARTH.
IV. THE SIZE OF THE EARTH.
V. THE CHARACTER OF THE EARTH'S SURFACE.
CHAPTER III. ASTRONOMY.
I. THE OLD SACRED THEORY OF THE UNIVERSE.
II. THE HELIOCENTRIC THEORY.
III. THE WAR UPON GALILEO.
IV. VICTORY OF THE CHURCH OVER GALILEO.
V. RESULTS OF THE VICTORY OVER GALILEO.
VI. THE RETREAT OF THE CHURCH AFTER ITS VICTORY OVER GALILEO.
CHAPTER IV. FROM "SIGNS AND WONDERS" TO LAW IN THE HEAVENS.
I. THE THEOLOGICAL VIEW.
II. THEOLOGICAL EFFORTS TO CRUSH THE SCIENTIFIC VIEW.
III. THE INVASION OF SCEPTICISM.
IV. THEOLOGICAL EFFORTS AT COMPROMISE.—THE FINAL VICTORY OF SCIENCE.
CHAPTER V. FROM GENESIS TO GEOLOGY.
I. GROWTH OF THEOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS.
II. EFFORTS TO SUPPRESS THE SCIENTIFIC VIEW.
III. THE FIRST GREAT EFFORT AT COMPROMISE, BASED ON THE FLOOD OF NOAH.
IV. FINAL EFFORTS AT COMPROMISE.—THE VICTORY OF SCIENCE COMPLETE.
CHAPTER VI. THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN EGYPTOLOGY, AND ASSYRIOLOGY.
I. THE SACRED CHRONOLOGY.
II. THE NEW CHRONOLOGY.
CHAPTER VII. THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN AND PREHISTORIC ARCHAEOLOGY
I. THE THUNDER-STONES.
II. THE FLINT WEAPONS AND IMPLEMENTS.
CHAPTER VIII. THE "FALL OF MAN" AND ANTHROPOLOGY
CHAPTER IX. THE "FALL OF MAN" AND ETHNOLOGY.
CHAPTER X. THE "FALL OF MAN" AND HISTORY.
CHAPTER XI. FROM "THE PRINCE OF THE POWER OF THE AIR" TO METEOROLOGY
I. GROWTH OF A THEOLOGICAL THEORY.
II. DIABOLIC AGENCY IN STORMS.
III. THE AGENCY OF WITCHES.
IV. FRANKLIN'S LIGHTNING-ROD.
CHAPTER XII. FROM MAGIC TO CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS.
CHAPTER XIII. FROM MIRACLES TO MEDICINE.
I. THE EARLY AND SACRED THEORIES OF DISEASE.
II. GROWTH OF LEGENDS OF HEALING.
—THE LIFE OF XAVIER AS A TYPICAL EXAMPLE.
III. THE MEDIAEVAL MIRACLES OF HEALING CHECK MEDICAL SCIENCE.
IV. THE ATTRIBUTION OF DISEASE TO SATANIC INFLUENCE.
—"PASTORAL MEDICINE" CHECKS SCIENTIFIC EFFORT.
V. THEOLOGICAL OPPOSITION TO ANATOMICAL STUDIES.
VI. NEW BEGINNINGS OF MEDICAL SCIENCE.
VII. THEOLOGICAL DISCOURAGEMENT OF MEDICINE.
VIII. FETICH CURES UNDER PROTESTANTISM.—THE ROYAL TOUCH.
IX. THE SCIENTIFIC STRUGGLE FOR ANATOMY.
X. THEOLOGICAL OPPOSITION TO INOCULATION, VACCINATION, AND THE USE OF
XI. FINAL BREAKING AWAY OF THE THEOLOGICAL THEORY IN MEDICINE.
CHAPTER XIV. FROM FETICH TO HYGIENE.
I. THE THEOLOGICAL VIEW OF EPIDEMICS AND SANITATION.
II. GRADUAL DECAY OF THEOLOGICAL VIEWS REGARDING SANITATION.
III. THE TRIUMPH OF SANITARY SCIENCE.
IV. THE RELATION OF SANITARY SCIENCE TO RELIGION.
CHAPTER XV. FROM "DEMONIACAL POSSESSION" TO INSANITY.
I. THEOLOGICAL IDEAS OF LUNACY AND ITS TREATMENT.
II. BEGINNINGS OF A HEALTHFUL SCEPTICISM.
III. THE FINAL STRUGGLE AND VICTORY OF SCIENCE.—PINEL AND TUKE.
CHAPTER XVI. FROM DIABOLISM TO HYSTERIA.
I. THE EPIDEMICS OF "POSSESSION."
II. BEGINNINGS OF HELPFUL SCEPTICISM.
III. THEOLOGICAL "RESTATEMENTS."—FINAL TRIUMPH OF THE SCIENTIFIC VIEW
CHAPTER XVII. FROM BABEL TO COMPARATIVE PHILOLOGY.
I. THE SACRED THEORY IN ITS FIRST FORM.
II. THE SACRED THEORY OF LANGUAGE IN ITS SECOND FORM.
III. BREAKING DOWN OF THE THEOLOGICAL VIEW.
IV. TRIUMPH OF THE NEW SCIENCE.
V. SUMMARY.
CHAPTER XVIII. FROM THE DEAD SEA LEGENDS TO COMPARATIVE MYTHOLOGY,
I. THE GROWTH OF EXPLANATORY TRANSFORMATION MYTHS.
II. MEDIAEVAL GROWTH OF THE DEAD SEA LEGENDS.
III. POST-REFORMATION CULMINATION OF THE DEAD SEA LEGENDS.—BEGINNINGS
IV. THEOLOGICAL EFFORTS AT COMPROMISE.—TRIUMPH OF THE SCIENTIFIC VIEW.
CHAPTER XIX. FROM LEVITICUS TO POLITICAL ECONOMY
I. ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF HOSTILITY TO LOANS AT INTEREST.
II. RETREAT OF THE CHURCH, PROTESTANT AND CATHOLIC.
CHAPTER XX. FROM THE DIVINE ORACLES TO THE HIGHER CRITICISM.
I. THE OLDER INTERPRETATION.
II. BEGINNINGS OF SCIENTIFIC INTERPRETATION.
III. THE CONTINUED GROWTH OF SCIENTIFIC INTERPRETATION.
IV. THE CLOSING STRUGGLE.
V. VICTORY OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND LITERARY METHODS.
VI. RECONSTRUCTIVE FORCE OF SCIENTIFIC CRITICISM.
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