Words Made Flesh: Code, Culture, Imagination
Florian Cramer
Computers & Technology
Words Made Flesh: Code, Culture, Imagination
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Executable code existed centuries before the invention of the computer in magic, Kabbalah, musical composition and experimental poetry. These practices are often neglected as a historical pretext of contemporary software culture and electronic arts. Above all, they link computations to a vast speculative imagination that encompasses art, language, technology, philosophy and religion. These speculations in turn inscribe themselves into the technology. Since even the most simple formalism requires symbols with which it can be expressed, and symbols have cultural connotations, any code is loaded with meaning. This booklet writes a small cultural history of imaginative computation, reconstructing both the obsessive persistence and contradictory mutations of the phantasm that symbols turn physical, and words are made flesh.

Language
English
ISBN
Unknown
Chapter 1. Introduction: In Dark Territory
Chapter 2. Computations of Totality
Exe.cut[up]able statements
Magic and religion
Pythagorean harmony as a cosmological code
Kabbalah
Ramon Llull and Lullism
Rhetoric and poetics
Combinatory poetry and the occult
Computation as a figure of thought
Chapter 3. Computation as Fragmentation
Gulliver's Travels
The Library of Babel
Romanticist combinatorics
Concrete poetry
Max Bense and ``information aesthetics''
Situationism, Surrealism and psychogeography
Markov chains
Tristan Tzara and cut-ups
John Cage's indeterminism
Italo Calvino and machine-generated literature
Software as industrialization of art
Authorship and subjectivity
Pataphysics and Oulipo
Abraham M. Moles' computational aesthetics
Source code poetry
Jodi
1337 speech
Codework
Chapter 4. Automatisms and Their Constraints
Artificial Intelligence
Athanasius Kircher's box
John Searle's Chinese Room
Georges Perec's Maschine
Enzensberger's and Schmatz's / Czernin's poetic machines
Software dystopia: Jodi
Software dystopia: Netochka Nezvanova
From dystopia to new subjectivity
Chapter 5. What Is Software?
A cultural definition
Software as practice
Software versus hardware
Conclusion
References
List of Figures
Index
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