
Free
The Foundations of the Origin of Species Two Essays written in 1842 and 1844
By Charles Darwin
Free
Book Description
Table of Contents
- THE FOUNDATIONS OF THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES
- THE FOUNDATIONS OF THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES TWO ESSAYS WRITTEN IN 1842 AND 1844 by CHARLES DARWIN
- CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- PART I.
- § I. «On Variation under Domestication, and on the Principles of Selection.»
- § II. «On Variation in a State of Nature and on the Natural Means of Selection.»
- § III. «On Variation in instincts and other mental attributes.»
- § I. «On Variation under Domestication, and on the Principles of Selection.»
- § II. «On Variation in a State of Nature and on the Natural Means of Selection.»
- § III. «On Variation in instincts and other mental attributes.»
- PART II{104}.
- §§ IV. & V. «On the evidence from Geology.»
- «Geographical Distribution.»
- § VI. Let us consider the absolute state of distribution of organisms of earth's face.
- § VII. «Affinities and Classification.»
- § VIII. Unity [or similarity] of type in the great classes.
- § IX. «Abortive organs.»
- § X. Recapitulation and conclusion.
- Conclusion.
- §§ IV. & V. «On the evidence from Geology.»
- «Geographical Distribution.»
- § VI. Let us consider the absolute state of distribution of organisms of earth's face.
- § VII. «Affinities and Classification.»
- § VIII. Unity [or similarity] of type in the great classes.
- § IX. «Abortive organs.»
- § X. Recapitulation and conclusion.
- Conclusion.
- THE ESSAY OF 1844
- PART I
- CHAPTER I ON THE VARIATION OF ORGANIC BEINGS UNDER DOMESTICATION; AND ON THE PRINCIPLES OF SELECTION
- On the hereditary tendency.
- Causes of Variation.
- On Selection.
- Crossing Breeds.
- Whether our domestic races have descended from one or more wild stocks.
- Limits to Variation in degree and kind.
- In what consists Domestication.
- Summary of first Chapter.
- On the hereditary tendency.
- Causes of Variation.
- On Selection.
- Crossing Breeds.
- Whether our domestic races have descended from one or more wild stocks.
- Limits to Variation in degree and kind.
- In what consists Domestication.
- Summary of first Chapter.
- CHAPTER II ON THE VARIATION OF ORGANIC BEINGS IN A WILD STATE; ON THE NATURAL MEANS OF SELECTION; AND ON THE COMPARISON OF DOMESTIC RACES AND TRUE SPECIES
- Natural means of Selection{227}.
- Differences between “Races” and “Species”:—first, in their trueness or variability.
- Difference between “Races” and “Species” in fertility when crossed.
- Causes of Sterility in Hybrids.
- Infertility from causes distinct from hybridisation.
- Points of Resemblance between “Races” and “Species{259}.”
- External characters of Hybrids and Mongrels.
- Summary of second chapter{265}.
- Limits of Variation.
- Natural means of Selection{227}.
- Differences between “Races” and “Species”:—first, in their trueness or variability.
- Difference between “Races” and “Species” in fertility when crossed.
- Causes of Sterility in Hybrids.
- Infertility from causes distinct from hybridisation.
- Points of Resemblance between “Races” and “Species{259}.”
- External characters of Hybrids and Mongrels.
- Summary of second chapter{265}.
- Limits of Variation.
- CHAPTER III ON THE VARIATION OF INSTINCTS AND OTHER MENTAL ATTRIBUTES UNDER DOMESTICATION AND IN STATE OF NATURE; ON THE DIFFICULTIES IN THIS SUBJECT; AND ON ANALOGOUS DIFFICULTIES WITH RESPECT TO CORPOREAL STRUCTURES
- Variation of mental attributes under domestication.
- Hereditary habits compared with instincts.
- Variation in the mental attributes of wild animals.
- Principles of Selection applicable to instincts.
- Difficulties in the acquirement of complex instincts by Selection.
- Difficulties in the acquirement by Selection of complex corporeal structures.
- Variation of mental attributes under domestication.
- Hereditary habits compared with instincts.
- Variation in the mental attributes of wild animals.
- Principles of Selection applicable to instincts.
- Difficulties in the acquirement of complex instincts by Selection.
- Difficulties in the acquirement by Selection of complex corporeal structures.
- PART II{305} ON THE EVIDENCE FAVOURABLE AND OPPOSED TO THE VIEW THAT SPECIES ARE NATURALLY FORMED RACES, DESCENDED FROM COMMON STOCKS
- CHAPTER IV ON THE NUMBER OF INTERMEDIATE FORMS REQUIRED ON THE THEORY OF COMMON DESCENT; AND ON THEIR ABSENCE IN A FOSSIL STATE
- CHAPTER V GRADUAL APPEARANCE AND DISAPPEARANCE OF SPECIES{326}
- Extinction of species.
- Extinction of species.
- CHAPTER VI ON THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF ORGANIC BEINGS IN PAST AND PRESENT TIMES
- Section First.
- Distribution of the inhabitants in the different continents.
- Relation of range in genera and species.
- Distribution of the inhabitants in the same continent.
- Insular Faunas.
- Alpine Floras.
- Cause of the similarity in the floras of some distant mountains.
- Whether the same species has been created more than once.
- On the number of species, and of the classes to which they belong in different regions.
- Section Second.
- Geographical distribution of extinct organisms.
- Changes in geographical distribution.
- Summary on the distribution of living and extinct organic beings.
- Section Third.
- An attempt to explain the foregoing laws of geographical distribution, on the theory of allied species having a common descent.
- Improbability of finding fossil forms intermediate between existing species.
- Section First.
- Distribution of the inhabitants in the different continents.
- Relation of range in genera and species.
- Distribution of the inhabitants in the same continent.
- Insular Faunas.
- Alpine Floras.
- Cause of the similarity in the floras of some distant mountains.
- Whether the same species has been created more than once.
- On the number of species, and of the classes to which they belong in different regions.
- Section Second.
- Geographical distribution of extinct organisms.
- Changes in geographical distribution.
- Summary on the distribution of living and extinct organic beings.
- Section Third.
- An attempt to explain the foregoing laws of geographical distribution, on the theory of allied species having a common descent.
- Improbability of finding fossil forms intermediate between existing species.
- CHAPTER VII ON THE NATURE OF THE AFFINITIES AND CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIC BEINGS{425}
- Gradual appearance and disappearance of groups.
- What is the Natural System?
- On the kind of relation between distinct groups.
- Classification of Races or Varieties.
- Classification of "races" and species similar.
- Origin of genera and families.
- Gradual appearance and disappearance of groups.
- What is the Natural System?
- On the kind of relation between distinct groups.
- Classification of Races or Varieties.
- Classification of "races" and species similar.
- Origin of genera and families.
- CHAPTER VIII UNITY OF TYPE IN THE GREAT CLASSES; AND MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURES
- Unity of Type{454}.
- Morphology.
- Embryology.
- Attempt to explain the facts of embryology.
- On the graduated complexity in each great class.
- Modification by selection of the forms of immature animals.
- Importance of embryology in classification.
- Order in time in which the great classes have first appeared.
- Unity of Type{454}.
- Morphology.
- Embryology.
- Attempt to explain the facts of embryology.
- On the graduated complexity in each great class.
- Modification by selection of the forms of immature animals.
- Importance of embryology in classification.
- Order in time in which the great classes have first appeared.
- CHAPTER IX ABORTIVE OR RUDIMENTARY ORGANS
- The abortive organs of naturalists.
- The abortive organs of physiologists.
- Abortion from gradual disuse.
- The abortive organs of naturalists.
- The abortive organs of physiologists.
- Abortion from gradual disuse.
- CHAPTER X RECAPITULATION AND CONCLUSION
- Recapitulation.
- Why do we wish to reject the theory of common descent?
- Conclusion.
- Recapitulation.
- Why do we wish to reject the theory of common descent?
- Conclusion.
- INDEX
- Footnotes
- Transcriber’s Notes & Errata
- Transcriber’s Notes & Errata
You May Also Like
A Monograph on the Sub-class Cirripedia (Volume 1 of 2) The Lepadidae; Or, Pedunculated Cirripedes
By Charles Darwin
Also Available On
Categories
Arts & Photography491Biographies & Memoirs81Business & Money158Children's Books1558Christian Books & Bibles934Comics & Graphic Novels1Computers & Technology874Cookbooks, Food & Wine31Crafts, Hobbies & Home208Education & Teaching3835Engineering & Transportation1Gay & Lesbian1Health, Fitness & Dieting15History5850Humor & Entertainment162Law153Literature & Fiction19797Medical Books1Mystery, Thriller & Suspense22Other3133Parenting & Relationships10Politics & Social Sciences1471Professional & Technical37Reference10Religion & Spirituality1700Romance270Science & Math1217Science Fiction & Fantasy205Self-Help51Sports & Outdoors47Teen & Young Adult136Test Preparation168Travel114
Curated Lists
Free Machine Learning Books
11 Books
- Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning (Information Science and Statistics)
- by Christopher M. Bishop
- Data mining
- by I. H. Witten
- The Elements of Statistical Learning: Data Mining, Inference, and Prediction
- by Various
Free Chemistry Textbooks
9 Books
- CK-12 Chemistry
- by Various
- Concept Development Studies in Chemistry
- by John Hutchinson
- An Introduction to Chemistry - Atoms First
- by Mark Bishop
Free Mathematics Textbooks
21 Books
- Microsoft Word - How to Use Advanced Algebra II.doc
- by Jonathan Emmons
- Advanced Algebra II: Activities and Homework
- by Kenny Felder
- de2de
- by
Free Children Books
38 Books
- The Sun Who Lost His Way
- by
- Tania is a Detective
- by Kanika G
- Firenze_s-Light
- by
Free Java Books
10 Books
- Java 3D Programming
- by Daniel Selman
- The Java EE 6 Tutorial
- by Oracle Corporation
- JavaKid811
- by
- Jamaica Primary Social Studies 2nd Edition Student's Book 4
- by Eulie Mantock, Trineta Fendall, Clare Eastland
- Reggae Readers Student's Book 1
- by Louis Fidge
- Reggae Readers Student's Book 2
- by Louis Fidge