Friction, Lubrication and the Lubricants in Horology
W. T. (William T.) Lewis
Computers & Technology
Friction, Lubrication and the Lubricants in Horology
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English
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FRICTION, LUBRICATION AND THE LUBRICANTS IN HOROLOGY.
BY
W. T. LEWIS,
Prest. Philadelphia Horological Society.
Prest. Philadelphia Horological Society.
INTRODUCTION.
CHAPTER I.
LUBRICANTS IN HOROLOGY—THEIR SOURCE AND METHOD OF REFINEMENT.
FOOTNOTES:
LUBRICANTS IN HOROLOGY—THEIR SOURCE AND METHOD OF REFINEMENT.
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER II.
ELEMENTARY PHYSICS RELATING TO FRICTION AND LUBRICATION.
FOOTNOTES:
ELEMENTARY PHYSICS RELATING TO FRICTION AND LUBRICATION.
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER III.
FRICTION—ITS NATURE AND THEORY.
TABLE I.
FOOTNOTES:
FRICTION—ITS NATURE AND THEORY.
TABLE I.
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER IV.
APPLICATION OF THE LAW OF FRICTION AND LUBRICATION IN HOROLOGY.
FOOTNOTES:
APPLICATION OF THE LAW OF FRICTION AND LUBRICATION IN HOROLOGY.
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER V.
THE PROPERTIES AND RELATIVE VALUES OF LUBRICANTS IN HOROLOGY.
TABLE II.
Action of Oils on Metals.
Action of Oils on Metals.
TABLE III.
For Reference.
For Reference.
TABLE IV.
Action of Oils on Brass.
Temp. 21° to 37.5° C. = 70° to 100° F. Time 100 days.
Action of Oils on Brass.
Temp. 21° to 37.5° C. = 70° to 100° F. Time 100 days.
TABLE V.
Action of Oils on Brass.
Temp. 5.5° to 21° C. = 40° to 70° F. Time 25 days.
Action of Oils on Brass.
Temp. 5.5° to 21° C. = 40° to 70° F. Time 25 days.
TABLE VI.
Gumming and Drying of Oils.
Temp. 21° C. to 37.5° C. = 70° F. to 110° F. Time 100 Days.
Gumming and Drying of Oils.
Temp. 21° C. to 37.5° C. = 70° F. to 110° F. Time 100 Days.
TABLE VII.
Relative Viscosity and Gumming of Oils.
Temp. 15.5° C. = 60° F. Inclination 6 degrees. Time 7 days.
Relative Viscosity and Gumming of Oils.
Temp. 15.5° C. = 60° F. Inclination 6 degrees. Time 7 days.
TABLE VIII.
Relative Viscosity and Gumming of Oils.
Temp. 24° C. = 75° F. Inclination 7 degrees. Time 7.3 days.
Relative Viscosity and Gumming of Oils.
Temp. 24° C. = 75° F. Inclination 7 degrees. Time 7.3 days.
TABLE IX.
Relative Viscosity, Cohesion and Adhesion of Oils.
Temp. 21° C.(= 70° F.) and 38° C. (= 100° F.) Inclination Vertical.
Relative Viscosity, Cohesion and Adhesion of Oils.
Temp. 21° C.(= 70° F.) and 38° C. (= 100° F.) Inclination Vertical.
TABLE X.
Relative Effect of Cold on Oils.
Temp. -15° C. (= 5° F.) Time of Exposure = 6 hours
Relative Effect of Cold on Oils.
Temp. -15° C. (= 5° F.) Time of Exposure = 6 hours
TABLE XI.
Relative Variations of Viscosity of Oils in Varying Temperatures.
Relative Variations of Viscosity of Oils in Varying Temperatures.
TABLE XII.—ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS.
FOOTNOTES:
THE PROPERTIES AND RELATIVE VALUES OF LUBRICANTS IN HOROLOGY.
TABLE II.
Action of Oils on Metals.
Action of Oils on Metals.
TABLE III.
For Reference.
For Reference.
TABLE IV.
Action of Oils on Brass.
Temp. 21° to 37.5° C. = 70° to 100° F. Time 100 days.
Action of Oils on Brass.
Temp. 21° to 37.5° C. = 70° to 100° F. Time 100 days.
TABLE V.
Action of Oils on Brass.
Temp. 5.5° to 21° C. = 40° to 70° F. Time 25 days.
Action of Oils on Brass.
Temp. 5.5° to 21° C. = 40° to 70° F. Time 25 days.
TABLE VI.
Gumming and Drying of Oils.
Temp. 21° C. to 37.5° C. = 70° F. to 110° F. Time 100 Days.
Gumming and Drying of Oils.
Temp. 21° C. to 37.5° C. = 70° F. to 110° F. Time 100 Days.
TABLE VII.
Relative Viscosity and Gumming of Oils.
Temp. 15.5° C. = 60° F. Inclination 6 degrees. Time 7 days.
Relative Viscosity and Gumming of Oils.
Temp. 15.5° C. = 60° F. Inclination 6 degrees. Time 7 days.
TABLE VIII.
Relative Viscosity and Gumming of Oils.
Temp. 24° C. = 75° F. Inclination 7 degrees. Time 7.3 days.
Relative Viscosity and Gumming of Oils.
Temp. 24° C. = 75° F. Inclination 7 degrees. Time 7.3 days.
TABLE IX.
Relative Viscosity, Cohesion and Adhesion of Oils.
Temp. 21° C.(= 70° F.) and 38° C. (= 100° F.) Inclination Vertical.
Relative Viscosity, Cohesion and Adhesion of Oils.
Temp. 21° C.(= 70° F.) and 38° C. (= 100° F.) Inclination Vertical.
TABLE X.
Relative Effect of Cold on Oils.
Temp. -15° C. (= 5° F.) Time of Exposure = 6 hours
Relative Effect of Cold on Oils.
Temp. -15° C. (= 5° F.) Time of Exposure = 6 hours
TABLE XI.
Relative Variations of Viscosity of Oils in Varying Temperatures.
Relative Variations of Viscosity of Oils in Varying Temperatures.
TABLE XII.—ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS.
FOOTNOTES:
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