Oxford Resources for IB DP History: The Americas ePub
US$ 64.49
The publisher has enabled DRM protection, which means that you need to use the BookFusion iOS, Android or Web app to read this eBook. This eBook cannot be used outside of the BookFusion platform.
Description
Contents
Reviews
Language
English
ISBN
9781382076425
Cover Page
Title page
Copyright page
Contents
Guide to Paper 3
Preparing for the IB History HL exams
Overview of Paper 3
The structure of the Paper 3 History of the Americas exam
Preparing for Paper 3 essay questions
How to use this book
The IB learner profile
1 The Mexican Revolution (1884–1940)
Global context
1.1 Reasons for the outbreak of the revolution
The rule of Porfirio Díaz (1876–1911)
Political rule
Díaz and the Catholic Church
Agriculture
Mining and textiles
The railway industry
The oil industry
Discontent leads to revolution
1.2 Impact of revolutionary leaders on the revolution
Francisco Madero challenges Díaz’s power
Madero takes office (1911–1913)
Victoriano Huerta seizes power (1913–1914)
Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata
Venustiano Carranza and the Civil War (1914–1920)
Villa and Obregón face off
Venustiano Carranza as president (1916–1920)
1.3 Impact of the 1917 Constitution
Constitution background
Article 3: Education
Article 4: Women’s rights
Articles 24 and 130: Church reform
Article 27: Land reform
Articles 32 and 33: The rights of Mexican citizens over foreigners
Article 123: Labour reform
Implementing the Constitution
Opposition to the Constitution
1.4 Achievements and challenges of the post-revolutionary state (1920–1940)
Álvaro Obregón (1920–1924)
Military
Agricultural reform
Foreign recognition
Education
Presidential succession
Plutarco Elías Calles (1924–1934) and the Maximato
The Cristero War
Presidential succession
The Maximato
Emilio Portes Gil, 1928–1930
President Ortíz Rubio, 1930–1932
General Abelardo Rodríguez, 1932–1934
General Lázaro Cárdenas and the renewal of the revolution
Cárdenas versus Calles
Cárdenas’ socio-economic programmes
Education
Land reform
Labour
Oil industry labour unrest
The Mexican Revolutionary Party
Cárdenismo
1.5 Foreign contributions to the revolution
Motivations for foreign involvement
Military intervention
Economic intervention
Diplomatic intervention
Foreign impact on the outcome of the revolution
1.6 Impact of the revolution
Experiences of women during the revolution
Experiences of marginalized groups
Education policies
Obregón and education
Calles and education
Cárdenas and education
Culture and the arts
Art: The muralist movement
Diego Rivera
José Orozco
David Alfaro Siqueiros
Music
Literature
Text alternatives to non-text content
Text alternative to Figure 1.1
Text alternative to Figure 1.6
Text alternative to Figure 1.15
Text alternative to Figure 1.16
Text alternative to Figure 1.17
Text alternative to Figure 1.20
Text alternative to Figure 1.22
2 The Great Depression in the Americas (c. 1920–1939)
Global context
2.1 Reasons for the Great Depression
Political factors
Economic factors
Agricultural factors
Industrial factors
Reasons for the Great Depression in Latin America
Reasons for the Great Depression in Canada
Political reasons
Economic reasons: Financial, agricultural and industrial instability
Why did the boom end in Canada?
The crash of 1929 in Canada
Reasons for the Great Depression in the United States
Reactions to the Wall Street Crash (1929)
Summary
2.2 Political impact of the Great Depression in the United States
Impact on party politics, the expansion of executive power and the role of the federal government
Challenges to the New Deal
Labour rights and social policies
The Third New Deal, 1937–41
2.3 Political impact of the Great Depression in Brazil
Brazil: Labour and social policies
Labour
Social policies
Women
Impact on political stability
Changes to political power
Challenges to government reforms
2.4 Social impact of the Great Depression in Canada
Demographics and standard of living
The experiences of women in the Great Depression in Canada
Experiences of marginalized groups in the Great Depression in Canada—Indigenous Canadians
The Métis
The Inuit
First Nations
Impact of the Great Depression on Canadian culture and the arts
The arts
The emergence of hockey as a national pastime
A new national voice: The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
2.5 Effectiveness of solutions in the United States and Canada
Herbert Hoover (United States)
Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal (United States)
The First New Deal (1933–1934)
The Emergency Banking Act
The Economy Act
The Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act
The Agricultural Adjustment Agency (AAA)
The National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) and the National Recovery Administration (NRA)
The Federal Emergency Relief Agency (FERA)
Roosevelt’s more personal approach
The Second New Deal (1935–1936)
The Emergency Relief Appropriation Act
The Works Progress Administration (WPA)
The National Youth Administration (NYA)
The extent and effectiveness of opposition to the New Deal
Perspectives on the results of New Deal policies 1933–1939
William Lyon Mackenzie King (Canada)
R.B. Bennett (Canada)
Mackenzie King’s responses from 1935
New political opposition
The Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF)
Social Credit
Union Nationale
The Communist Party of Canada
Ontario Liberals
Unionism
The On-to-Ottawa Trek
2.6 Effectiveness of solutions in Brazil
Agrarian reforms
Import substitution industrialization (ISI)
Nationalization programmes
Mining
Electricity
Oil
Steel
Infrastructure development
Trade and war
Labour rights and social programmes
Education and literacy
Text alternatives to non-text content
Text alternative to Figure 2.1
Text alternative to Figure 2.5
Text alternative to Figure 2.7
Text alternative to Figure 2.8
Text alternative to Figure 2.10
Text alternative to Figure 2.21
Text alternative to Figure 2.22
Text alternative to Figure 2.23
Text alternative to Figure 2.28
3 Emergence of the Americas in global affairs (1880–1945)
Global context
3.1 Reasons for the US expansionist foreign policy
The role of ideology
The Monroe Doctrine and Manifest Destiny
Manifest Destiny in the post-reconstruction period
Ideological and social factors
Economic factors
Political factors
Hawaii
Venezuela
3.2 Impact of US expansionist foreign policy
The Spanish–American War (1898)
Causes of the Spanish–American War: The Cuban Revolution
The US diplomatic response
The Philippines and Cuba
The aftermath: The imperial debate
Cuba
The Philippines
The Roosevelt Corollary and Big Stick diplomacy
The Big Stick
The Panama Canal
The Roosevelt Corollary
Dollar Diplomacy
Dollar Diplomacy in Latin America
Dollar Diplomacy in West Africa
Moral Diplomacy
China
Dominican Republic
Mexico
3.3 Changing regional and global role of the United States
US participation in the First World War
US neutrality
The Allied blockade
Getting ready for war
National Defence Act, 1916:
Naval Expansion Act, 1916:
Merchant Marine Act, 1916:
The drift to war
The Zimmermann Telegram
Total war: Coordinating the economy
Opposition to the First World War
US armed forces overseas
Woodrow Wilson’s peace ideals and the decision not to join the League of Nations
The Paris Peace Conference, 1919
Participation in and rejection of the League of Nations
The Good Neighbor Policy and inter-American diplomatic agreements
Inter-American trade agreements
Oil
The effectiveness of the Good Neighbor Policy
US participation in the Second World War
The build-up to the Second World War: Japan’s invasion of Manchuria
The Second World War begins
The United States assists the United Kingdom
US–Japanese relations and the US entrance into war
Pearl Harbor
The war in Europe
The war in the Pacific
Iwo Jima
Okinawa
The atom bomb
The Manhattan Project
Hiroshima, Nagasaki and the end of the war against Japan
3.4 Changing regional and global role of Canada
Canada’s decision to participate or remain neutral in the First World War
Mobilization
The Home Front
Financing the war
A question of leadership
Political unity and division
The conscription crisis
At the Front
Canada’s membership and involvement in the League of Nations
Canada’s decision to participate or remain neutral in the Second World War
The Battle of the Atlantic
D-Day and the Battle of Normandy
The end of the war
The economic impact of the Second World War on Canada
3.5 Domestic impact of the First World War on Canada
The economic impact of the First World War on Canada
The political impact of the First World War on Canada
The social impact of the First World War on Canada
Experiences of marginalized groups in Canada during the First World War
Experiences of women
Experiences of Indigenous Canadians
3.6 Domestic impact of the Second World War on the United States
The political impact of the Second World War on the United States
The economic impact of the Second World War on the United States
Industry
Taxation and spending
The social impact of the Second World War on the United States
Labour
Food
Experiences of marginalized groups
Black Americans
Black Americans in the military
Civilian life for Black Americans
Indigenous Americans
Indigenous Americans after the war
Hispanic Americans
The Bracero Programme
Hispanic Americans in the military
After the war
Japanese Americans
Experiences of women in the United States during the Second World War
Women in the military
Women at work
Childcare and education
Demography
Text alternatives to non-text content
Text alternative to Figure 3.1
Text alternative to Figure 3.4
Text alternative to Figure 3.5
Text alternative to Figure 3.7
Text alternative to Figure 3.15
4 The Americas during the Cold War (1945–1991)
Global context
4.1 Impact of the Cold War during the presidencies of Truman and Eisenhower
Truman’s containment policy
Implementation of containment: The Korean War, 1950–1953
North Korea’s invasion of South Korea and the United Nations’ reaction
US involvement in the UN police action and its attempt to engage in containment
The course of the war, November 1950 to June 1953
McCarthyism
House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)
The Federal Loyalty Programme
The McCurran Internal Security Act
VENONA
The fear of communism grows
McCarthy’s motivation, methods and results
The end of McCarthyism
Anti-communism and McCarthyism: Conclusions
Eisenhower’s New Look Policy
US intervention in Latin America
The role of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
US covert operations in Guatemala
Nixon’s visit to South America
4.2 The Cuban Revolution and its impact in the Americas
Hemispheric reactions to the revolution
The United States
Latin America
Canada
The Bay of Pigs
The Cuban Missile Crisis
The diplomatic impact of the Cuban Revolution on Latin American countries
4.3 Impact of the Cold War during the presidencies of Kennedy and Johnson
Kennedy’s Alliance for Progress
The Alliance for Progress
Lyndon B. Johnson maintains the Alliance for Progress
Intervention in the Dominican Republic (1965)
The domestic impact of Johnson’s policy in Vietnam
Social changes and the Vietnam War
Regional support for, and opposition to, US involvement in Vietnam
Canada
Latin America
4.4 Impact of US foreign policies in the Americas (1968–1988)
The School of the Americas and the Condor Plan
The School of the Americas
The Condor Plan
Richard Nixon’s covert operations and Chile
Jimmy Carter’s quest for human rights and the Panama Canal Treaty (1977)
The Panama Canal Treaties
Human rights
Ronald Reagan and the Contras in Nicaragua
The Iran-Contra Affair
George H.W. Bush and the end of the Cold War, 1989–1991
4.5 Impact of the Cold War on Canada
Domestic anti-communism
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD)
The creation of United Nations (UN) peacekeeping forces
The Korean War
The Suez Crisis
Cooperation and tension with the United States
4.6 Impact of the Cold War on Cuba
The Rio Pact, the Organization of American States (OAS) and regional collaboration
The Rio Pact
The Organization of American States (OAS)
Regional collaboration
The domestic political impact of the Cold War on Cuba
Cooperation and tension with the United States
Cooperation and tension with the Soviet Union
Text alternatives to non-text content
Text alternative to Figure 4.2
Text alternative to Figure 4.7
Text alternative to Figure 4.9
Text alternative to Figure 4.22
Text alternative to Figure 4.23
5 Political development in Latin America (1934–2020)
Global context
5.1 Reasons for the Cuban Revolution
Background
Political factors, including the role of Fulgencio Batista
Economic factors, including the role of the United States
Social factors
Labour movement
Role of Fidel Castro and Che Guevara
5.2 Maintenance of power and impact of the rule of Fidel Castro
Political policies
Social policies, including Cuban nationalism
Literacy campaign
Anti-vice campaign
Women
Treatment of homosexual people
Medicine
Education
Cuban nationalism
Economic policies
Treatment of opposition
Anti-communist opposition
Committees for the Defense of the Revolution (CDR)
The Catholic Church
US opposition
Bay of Pigs
Attempted assassinations and other actions
Cuban Missile Crisis
Alliance for Progress
Helms–Burton Act, 1996
5.3 Emerging challenges in Argentina
Context
Growth of populism
Juan Perón
Perón as president
Perón’s policies
Social policies
Opposition to Juan Perón
Growth of guerrilla movements
The Montoneros
Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP)
Crisis of democracy and failure of elected leaders
Arturo Frondizi
Arturo Illia
Héctor Cámpora
Juan and Isabel Perón
Rise of military dictatorship, 1976–1983
Economic policies
Military action
The Dirty War, 1976–1981
Falklands War, 1982
Did military dictatorship get results?
5.4 Impact of a guerrilla movement on El Salvador
History and context of the Salvadoran Civil War
US involvement
Outbreak of civil war
El Mozote
Cold War flashpoint
A negotiated solution
Political impact of the Salvadoran Civil War
Economic impact of the Salvadoran Civil War
Social impact of the Salvadoran Civil War
El Salvador gangs
Experiences of women in the Salvadoran Civil War
Women in the guerrilla movement
Violence and silencing
Women in leadership and in peace negotiations
Women in post-war activism and the struggle for memory
A mixed legacy for women
5.5 Impact of and maintenance of power by military dictatorship on Chile
Chile: History and context
Allende’s rise to power
Social, economic and political reasons for Allende’s rise
From Allende to Pinochet
Pinochet’s economic, political and social policies
Suppression, repression and treatment of opposition
5.6 Reasons for the emergence of democratization in Chile
History and context
Political factors in the emergence of democratization in Chile
Economic factors in the emergence of democratization in Chile
Social factors in the emergence of democratization in Chile
The role of transitional justice
Text alternatives to non-text content
Text alternative to Figure 5.15
Text alternative to Figure 5.18
6 Social movements in the Americas (1945–2020)
Global context
6.1 Reasons for the emergence of the African American civil rights movement
Historical context and background
Jim Crow laws
Political factors
Social factors
Economic factors
Role of ideas
6.2 Methods used by the African American civil rights movement to create change
Non-violent protest and the role of Martin Luther King Jr
Sit-ins
Freedom Riders
Mass demonstrations
March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom
Radical activism and Black Power
Black Power
The Black Panthers
The role of women in the civil rights movement
Leadership roles
Women’s Political Council (WPC)
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
Black Panther Party (BPP)
Women in grassroots activism
Women in education
The role of grassroots organizations
Boycotts
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Voting and voter registration
Freedom Summer
Black Lives Matter (BLM), 2013
6.3 Extent of change achieved by the African American civil rights movement
The Supreme Court and Brown vs Board of Education
Brown vs Board of Education, 1954
Civil rights legislation
Civil Rights Act of 1957
Civil Rights Act of 1960
The 24th Amendment
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Voting Rights Act
The Fair Housing Act
Social and cultural change
Education
Affirmative Action
Economic change
Employment
Income and poverty
6.4 Reasons for the emergence of Indigenous rights movements in the Americas
Political factors in Canada
The White Paper and the Red Paper
Land claims
Political factors in the United States
Legislation
Tribal sovereignty
Political factors in Latin America
Assimilation in Mexico
Land claims
Social and economic factors
Social factors
Idle No More Movement, Canada
Murdered and missing women in Canada, the United States and Bolivia
Economic factors
Canada
United States
Latin America
The role of ideas
Doctrine of Discovery
Relationship to the land
Decolonization
6.5 Methods used by Hispanics in the western United States to create change
Historical context and background
Hispanics in the western United States
Non-violent and violent methods
Non-violence
Militancy
Role of key leaders
Role of women
Participation in labour movements and unions
Tex-Son Strike, San Antonio, Texas, 1959–1963
Farah Strike, El Paso Texas, 1972–1974
Community organization
Role of grassroots organizations
Changing demographics
6.6 Extent of change achieved by feminists in the United States
Historical context and background
Legal change
Title IX (1972)
Roe vs Wade (1973)
Political change
Social and cultural change
Economic change
Text alternatives to non-text content
Text alternative to Figure 6.16
Text alternative to Figure 6.17
Text alternative to Figure 6.19
7 Political development in the United States and Canada (1960–2020)
Global context
7.1 Challenges and successes in the domestic politics of the United States (1961–1977)
Social policies including the New Frontier and Great Society
Kennedy and the New Frontier
Medicare
Kennedy’s success and failures
Civil rights under Kennedy
Johnson and the Great Society
Domestic issues
The Great Society
Nixon and the Watergate Scandal
Nixon’s domestic policies
The welfare state
Law and order
Civil rights
The Watergate Scandal
Gerald Ford (1974–1977)
Ford’s domestic policies
The economy
Changes and internal conflicts in party politics in the 1960s and 1970s
The Democratic Party shift
Shifts within the Republican Party
7.2 Challenges and successes in the domestic politics of the United States (1977–2001)
Jimmy Carter’s economic and social policies (1977–1981)
Carter’s economic policies
Energy
The economy
Carter’s social policy
The environment
Civil rights
Ronald Reagan and Reaganomics (1981–1989)
Reagan’s economic policy
Social programmes
Deregulation
Labour rights
Civil rights
Auto Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
War on Drugs
George H.W. Bush’s domestic policies (1989–1993)
Bush’s economic and social policy
Bill Clinton and the transformation of the US economy (1993–2001)
Clinton’s economic policy
What caused the booming US economy?
What role did the Clinton administration play in this economic expansion?
Clinton’s social policy
7.3 Challenges and successes in domestic politics of the United States (2001–2020)
George W. Bush (2001–2009)
Bush’s economic policy: Tax cuts and economic crisis
Challenges for Bush’s economic policy
Bush’s social policy: Education reform and Homeland Security
Education reform
9/11 attacks and Homeland Security
Environment
Barack Obama (2009–2017)
Obama’s economic policies: Financial crisis and recovery
Car manufacturers
Taxes
The Dodd-Frank Act
Recovery
Obama’s social policy
Healthcare—Obamacare
Education—Race to the Top
Civil rights
Donald Trump (2017–2021)
Trump’s social policy
Healthcare
Immigration and crime
Trump’s economic policy
Tax cuts
Deregulation
Trade and tariffs
Trump’s impeachment
Political polarization
Geographic-sorting and “gerrymandering”
Economic inequality
Media
The president
7.4 Challenges and successes in the domestic politics of Canada (1963–1993)
Lester B. Pearson (1963–1968)
Pearson’s economic and social policies: Practical continentalism
Auto Pact
Québec
Medicare
Canada Pension Plan
Labour unrest
Pierre Trudeau’s first term (1968–1979)
Pierre Trudeau’s economic policy
Trudeau’s social policy
Trudeau’s second term (1980–1984)
Canadian Constitution
Joe Clark: A brief interlude (1979–1980)
Brian Mulroney (1984–1993)
Mulroney’s economic policy
Promises to keep: The Meech Lake Accord
The collapse of the Progressive Conservative Party
7.5 Causes and effects of the Quiet Revolution
Rise of Québec nationalism: The Quiet Revolution
Economic change
Social changes
Effects of the Quiet Revolution
Growth of Québec nationalism
The Front de Libération du Québec (FLQ) and the October Crisis of 1970
Radical nationalists
The October Crisis
Québec and separatism
The ghost of Meech Lake Accord: The 1995 referendum
7.6 Challenges and successes in the domestic politics of Canada (1993–2020)
The collapse of the Progressive Conservatives and the emergence of the Conservative Party
From the Canadian Alliance to the Conservative Party of Canada
Jean Chrétien: The little guy from Shawinigan (1993–2003)
The Canadian economy under Chrétien
Paul Martin (2003–2006)
Martin and First Nations
Stephen Harper: Uniting the right (2006–2015)
Harper’s first minority government
The 2008 financial crisis
Finally, a majority government
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission
Context: The residential school system
Truth and reconciliation
The Justin Trudeau years (2015–2025)
From teacher to prime minister
Justin Trudeau’s economic and social policy
Justin Trudeau’s environmental policy
Text alternatives to non-text content
Text alternative to Figure 7.4
Text alternative to Figure 7.7
Text alternative to Figure 7.13
Text alternative to Figure 7.16
Text alternative to Figure 7.21
Text alternative to Figure 7.23
Index
Acknowledgements
List of Illustrations
List of Tables
Loading...
