Essential Business Studies for Cambridge IGCSE® & O Level
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Description
Contents
Reviews
Language
English
ISBN
9780198428367
Front Cover
Title Page
Contents
Introduction
How to use the practice questions
Unit 1 Understanding business activity
1.1 Business activity
1.1.1 The purpose and nature of business activity
1.1.2 The importance of specialisation
1.2 Classification of businesses
1.2.1 Business activity in terms of primary,secondary and tertiary sectors
1.2.2 The private sector and the public sectorin a mixed economy
1.3 Enterprise, business growthand size
1.3.1 Enterprise and entrepreneurship
1.3.2 Contents and benefits of a business plan and how business plans assist entrepreneurs
1.3.3 Why and how governments support start-ups
1.3.4 Business growth and measurement of size
1.3.5 Why some (new or established)businesses fail
1.4 Types of business organisation
1.4.1 Sole traders and partnerships
1.4.2 Other types of business organisation
1.4.3 Objectives, growth and business organisation
1.4.4 Limited and unlimited liability
1.4.5 Business organisations in the public sector
1.5 Business objectives andstakeholder objectives
1.5.1 Business objectives
1.5.2 Stakeholders and their different objectives
1.5.3 Objectives of private and public sector enterprises
Practice questions
Unit 2 People in business
2.1 Motivating employees
2.1.1 Motivation
2.1.2 Why people work – the concept of human needs
2.1.3 Key motivational theories – Taylorand Herzberg
2.1.4 Methods of motivation (financial rewards)
2.1.5 Methods of motivation (non-financial rewards)
2.2 Organisation and management
2.2.1 Organisational charts
2.2.2 Roles and responsibilities
2.2.3 The role of management
2.2.4 Styles of leadership
2.2.5 Trade unions
2.3 Recruitment, selectionand training
2.3.1 The recruitment and selection process
2.3.2 Recruiting and selecting in practice
2.3.3 Who to employ?
2.3.4 Training and methods of training
2.3.5 Reducing the size of the workforce
2.3.6 Legal controls over employment issues
2.4 Internal and external communication
2.4.1 Communication
2.4.2 Internal communication
2.4.3 External communication
Practice questions
Unit 3 Marketing
3.1 Marketing, competition andthe customer
3.1.1 The role of marketing
3.1.2 Market changes
3.1.3 Market segmentation
3.1.4 Mass markets and niche markets
3.2 Market research
3.2.1 Primary and secondary market research
3.2.2 Quantitative and qualitative research
3.2.3 Presentation and use of results
3.3 The marketing mix
3.3.1 The four Ps
3.3.2 The product
3.3.3 The price
3.3.4 Place – distribution channels
3.3.5 Promotion
3.3.6 Technology and the marketing mix
3.4 Marketing strategy
3.4.1 Elements of a marketing strategy
3.4.2 Legal controls related to marketing
3.4.3 Opportunities and threats of enteringoverseas markets
Practice questions
Unit 4 Operations management
4.1 Production of goods andservices
4.1.1 The meaning of production
4.1.2 Lean production
4.1.3 The main methods of production
4.1.4 How technology has changedproduction methods
4.2 Costs, scale of production andbreak-even analysis
4.2.1 Identify and classify costs
4.2.2 Economies and diseconomies of scale
4.2.3 Break-even analysis
4.2.4 Break-even and margin of safety
4.3 Achieving quality production
4.3.1 What quality means
4.4 Location decisions
4.4.1 Factors influencing location andrelocation
Practice questions
Unit 5 Financial informationand decisions
5.1 Business finance: needs andsources
5.1.1 The need for business finance
5.1.2 Major sources of finance
5.1.3 Sources of internal and external finance
5.1.4 How to choose finance
5.2 Cash-flow forecasting andworking capital
5.2.1 Cash and cash-flow forecasting
5.2.2 Working capital
5.3 Income statements
5.3.1 What profit is and why it is important
5.3.2 How a profit is made
5.3.3 Income statements
5.4 Statement of financial position
5.4.1 The main elements of a statementof financial position
5.4.2 Further analysis of the statement offinancial position
5.5 Analysis of accounts(financial statements)
5.5.1 Profitability analysis
5.5.2 Liquidity
5.5.3 Why and how accounts are used
Practice questions
Unit 6 External influences on businessactivity
6.1 Economic issues
6.1.1 Business cycle
6.1.2 Government control of the economy
6.1.3 Reasons for government intervention inthe economy
6.1.4 Tax and interest rates
6.2 Environmental andethical issues
6.2.1 Environmental concerns and issuesthat affect businesses
6.2.2 External costs and benefits
6.2.3 Legal controls and environmental issues
6.2.4 Ethical issues
6.3 Business and the internationaleconomy
6.3.1 The importance of globalisation
6.3.2 Importance and growth of multinationalcompanies
6.3.3 The impact of exchange rate changes
Practice questions
Glossary of key terms
Index
Back Cover
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