Wayside and Woodland Blossoms A POCKET GUIDE TO BRITISH WILD-FLOWERS FOR THE COUNTRY RAMBLER BY EDWARD STEP AUTHOR OF “BY VOCAL WOODS AND WATERS,” “BY SEASHORE, WOOD AND MOORLAND,” ETC. WITH COLOURED FIGURES OF 156 SPECIES BLACK AND WHITE PLATES OF 22 SPECIES AND CLEAR DESCRIPTIONS OF 400 SPECIES LONDON: FREDERICK WARNE & CO. AND NEW YORK 1895

PREFACE.

WAYSIDE AND WOODLAND BLOSSOMS.

The Daisy (Bellis perennis).

The Cowslip or Paigle (Primula veris).

The Wood Anemone or Windflower (Anemone nemorosa).

The Sweet Violet (Viola odorata).

The Lesser Periwinkle (Vinca minor).

The Lesser Celandine (Ranunculus ficaria).

The Broom (Cytisus scoparius).

Fumitory (Fumaria officinalis).

Lungwort (Pulmonaria officinalis).

Lady’s Smock (Cardamine pratensis).

Shepherd’s Purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris).

The Wood Sorrel (Oxalis acetosella).

The Wallflower (Cheiranthus cheiri).

Marsh Marigold (Caltha palustris).

Wild Hyacinth, or Blue-Bell (Scilla nutans).

The Cuckoo-pint (Arum maculatum).

Lily of the Valley (Convallaria majalis). Solomon’s Seal (Polygonatum multiflorum).

Hawthorn (Cratægus oxyacantha).

Buttercup (Ranunculus acris).

Wall Barley (Hordeum murinum).

Jagged Chickweed (Holosteum umbellatum).

Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale).

The Bugle (Ajuga reptans), and The Forget-me-not (Myosotis palustris).

The Greater Plantain (Plantago major), and The Ribwort Plantain (P. lanceolata).

Meadow Sage (Salvia pratensis).

Annual Meadow-grass (Poa annua), and Cock’s-foot-grass (Dactylis glomerata).

Cat’s-tail, or Timothy-grass (Phleum pratense), and Vernal-grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum).

Viper’s Bugloss (Echium vulgare).

Wild Strawberry (Fragaria vesca).

Milkwort (Polygala vulgaris), and Germander Speedwell (Veronica chamædrys).

The Spurge Family (Euphorbia).

Dewberry (Rubus cæsius). Plate 30.

Honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenum).

Dead Nettles (Lamium).

Ground Ivy (Nepeta glechoma), and Ivy-leaved Toad-flax (Linaria cymbalaria).

Round-leaved Crane’s-bill (Geranium rotundifolium).

The Hemlock Stork’s-bill (Erodium cicutarium).

Yarrow or Milfoil (Achillea millefolium).

Groundsel (Senecio vulgaris).

Rye-grass (Lolium perenne), and Upright Brome (Bromus erectus).

Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger).

Quake or Totter-grass (Briza media), and Meadow Foxtail (Alopecurus pratensis).

Dog-rose (Rosa canina).

Rock-rose (Helianthemum vulgare).

Bird’s-foot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus).

Common Vetch (Vicia sativa). Plate 44.

The Duckweeds (Lemna).

Corn Chamomile (Anthemis arvensis).

St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum).

Clovers (Trifolium).

Sain Foin (Onobrychis sativa). Plate 49.

Eyebright (Euphrasia officinalis).

Great Reed Mace (Typha latifolia).

Kidney Vetch (Anthyllis vulneraria).

Ox-eye Daisy (Chrysanthemum leucanthemum).

Pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis).

Chickweed (Stellaria media). Plate 54.

Fennel (Fœniculum officinale).

The Round-leaved Sundew (Drosera rotundifolia).

Barberry (Berberis vulgaris).

Wild Pansy (Viola tricolor).

Round-leaved Mint (Mentha rotundifolia).

Common Comfrey (Symphytum officinale).

Common Red Poppy (Papaver rhœas).

The Greater Stitchwort (Stellaria holostea)

Silverweed (Potentilla anserina).

Small Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis).

The Greater Celandine (Chelidonium majus).

Ragged Robin (Lychnis flos-cuculi).

Bluebottle or Cornflower (Centaurea cyanus).

Round-leaved Mallow (Malva rotundifolia).

Chicory or Succory (Cichorium intybus). Plate 69.

Vernal Wood-rush (Luzula vernalis).

The Greater Dodder (Cuscuta europæa).

Corn Cockle (Githago segetum). Plate 72.

Purple Medick or Lucerne (Medicago sativa). Plate 73.

Yellow Iris or Flag (Iris pseudacorus). Plate 74.

Marsh Orchis (Orchis latifolia).

The Butterfly Orchis (Habenaria bifolia).

The Bee Orchis (Ophrys apifera).

Hairbell or Blue-bell (Campanula rotundifolia).

The Centaury (Erythræa centaurium).

Wild Mignonette (Reseda lutea), and Weld or Dyer’s-weed (Reseda luteola).

Borage (Borago officinalis).

Oblong Pond-weed (Potamogeton polygonifolius).

Traveller’s Joy (Clematis vitalba).

The Self-Heal (Brunella vulgaris).

Goat’s Beard (Tragopogon pratensis).

Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum).

Mercury Goosefoot (Chenopodium bonus-henricus).

Burdock (Arctium lappa).

Goosegrass or Cleavers (Galium aparine).

White Campion (Lychnis vespertina).

The Holly (Ilex aquifolium).

Charlock or Wild Mustard (Brassica sinapis).

Common Cow-wheat (Melampyrum pratense).

Sea Buckthorn (Hippophæ rhamnoides).

Meadow-sweet (Spiræa ulmaria).

Rest-Harrow (Ononis spinosa).

Agrimony (Agrimonia eupatoria).

Common Flax (Linum usitatissimum).

Long-rooted Cat’s-ear (Hypochæris radicata).

The Field Scabious (Scabiosa arvensis).

Bitter Sweet (Solanum dulcamara).

Biting Stonecrop (Sedum acre).

Houseleek (Sempervivum tectorum).

Yellow Melilot (Melilotus officinalis).

Juniper (Juniperus communis).

Stinging Nettles (Urtica).

Cat’s Valerian (Valeriana officinalis).

Yellow Toadflax (Linaria vulgaris).

Yellow Water-lily (Nuphar luteum).

Wild Teasel (Dipsacus sylvestris).

Common Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare).

Blackthorn, or Sloe (Prunus communis).

Wild Hop (Humulus lupulus).

The Salad Burnet (Poterium sanguisorba).

Ivy (Hedera helix).

Arrowhead (Sagittaria sagittifolia).

The Corn Sow-thistle (Sonchus arvensis).

Grass of Parnassus (Parnassia palustris).

Oat-grass (Avena sativa).

Mountain Ash or Rowan (Pyrus aucuparia).

Buckwheat (Polygonum fagopyrum).

Fool’s Parsley (Æthusa cynapium).

Fine-leaved Heath (Erica cinerea).

Heather or Ling (Calluna vulgaris).

Mistleto (Viscum album).

Meadow-Saffron (Colchicum autumnale).

Hart’s-tongue Fern (Scolopendrium vulgare).

Maidenhair Spleenwort (Asplenium trichomanes).

Male Fern (Nephrodium filix-mas).

Field Horsetail (Equisetum arvense).

Lichens (Lichenes). Plate 126.

Mosses (Musci). Plate 127.

Mushrooms and Toadstools (Fungi). Plate 128.

Small-leaved Lime (Tilia parvifolia).

Tree of the Gods (Ailantus glandulosa).

Maples (Acer).

The False Acacia (Robina pseudacacia).

The Ash (Fraxinus excelsior).

The Black Mulberry (Morus nigra).

The Small-leaved Elm (Ulmus campestris).

The Beech (Fagus sylvatica).

Sweet Chestnut (Castanea vulgaris).

The Oak (Quercus robur).

Hazel (Corylus avellana).

The Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus).

The Osier (Salix viminalis).

The Lombardy Poplar (Populus fastigiata).

The Oriental Plane (Platanus orientalis).

The Birch (Betula alba).

The Alder (Alnus glutinosa).

Scotch-fir or Pine (Pinus sylvestris).

The Cluster Pine or Pinaster (P. pinaster).

The Silver-fir (Abies pectinata).

The Norway Spruce-fir (Abies excelsa).

The Larch (Larix europæa).

NATURAL ORDERS, GENERA AND SPECIES

EXOTIC GENERA.

INDEX.

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