The Strange Adventures of Andrew Battell of Leigh, in Angola and the Adjoining Regions
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WORKS ISSUED BY The Hakluyt Society
THE STRANGE ADVENTURES OF ANDREW BATTELL.
SECOND SERIES. No. VI.
SECOND SERIES. No. VI.
THE STRANGE ADVENTURES OF ANDREW BATTELL OF LEIGH, IN ANGOLA AND THE ADJOINING REGIONS.
REPRINTED FROM “PURCHAS HIS PILGRIMES.”
Edited, with Notes and a Concise HISTORY OF KONGO AND ANGOLA, BY E. G. RAVENSTEIN.
Printed in Germany Lessing-Druckerei—Wiesbaden
COUNCIL
THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY.
Printed in Germany Lessing-Druckerei—Wiesbaden
COUNCIL
THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY.
CONTENTS.
INTRODUCTION.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
Edited, with Notes and a Concise HISTORY OF KONGO AND ANGOLA, BY E. G. RAVENSTEIN.
Printed in Germany Lessing-Druckerei—Wiesbaden
COUNCIL
THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY.
Printed in Germany Lessing-Druckerei—Wiesbaden
COUNCIL
THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY.
CONTENTS.
INTRODUCTION.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
THE STRANGE ADVENTURES OF ANDREW BATTELL OF LEIGH IN ESSEX, SENT BY THE PORTUGALS PRISONER TO ANGOLA, WHO LIVED THERE, AND IN THE ADJOINING REGIONS, NEAR EIGHTEEN YEARS.
§ I.
Andrew Battel, his Voyage to the River of Plate, who being taken on the coast of Brasill, was sent to Angola.
[From the Thames to Cape Palmas.]
[St. Thomé and the Gulf of Guinea.]
[Across the Atlantic to the Brazils.]
[The Rio de la Plata.]
[A Prisoner of the Portuguese.]
[Transported to Angola—A Voyage to the Zaire.]
§ II.
[Trading in Loango.]
[An Attempted Escape.]
[A Second Attempt at Escape.]
[Surrenders to a Portuguese Captain.]
[A campaign in Lamba.]46
[A Voyage to Benguella.]
§ III.
[A Second Voyage to Benguella.]
[Among the Jagas.]
[March into the Interior.]
[Left as an Hostage.]
[He joins the Jagas.]
[Military Organisation of the Jagas.]
[A River of Gold.]
[Palm Wine.]
[Jaga Raids.]
[Dress and Ornaments.]
[Infanticide.]
[Human Sacrifices.]108
[Burial of the Dead.]
§ IV.
[João Rodrigues Coutinho’s Campaign, 1602.]
[Manuel Cerveira Pereira carries on the war.]
[A Trading Trip to Congo.]
[Final Escape from Captivity.]
§ V.
[Kabinda.]
[The Capital of Loango.]
[A Royal Audience.]
[The King’s Wives.]142
[The King Drinks!]
[The King at Dinner.]144
[The King as a Rain-maker.]
[Albinos.]
[The Nkishi, or Fetishes.]
[Children are born White.]
[The Royal Princes.]
[The Kings Mother.]
[Palm Cloth.]158
[The Royal Tombs.]
[Europeans Committed to the Sea.]
§ VI.
[Bongo.]
[Cango.]
[Calongo.]
[Gorillas and Chimpanzis.]169
[Hunting Dogs.]
[The Maramba Fetish.]172
[Sette.]
[Mani Kesock.]178
[Pygmy Elephant-Hunters.]
[Poison Ordeals.]
[Death and Witchcraft.]190
§ VII.
[Domestic Animals.]
[Wild Birds.]
[The Zebra.]
[The Hippopotamus.]
[Portuguese dealings with the Natives.]
[Fishing.]
[“Corn.”]
[Ground-nuts.]
[Plantains, or Bananas.]
[Bees and the Baobab.]
[Palm Trees.]
[A Crocodile Story.]
[The End.]
Andrew Battel, his Voyage to the River of Plate, who being taken on the coast of Brasill, was sent to Angola.
[From the Thames to Cape Palmas.]
[St. Thomé and the Gulf of Guinea.]
[Across the Atlantic to the Brazils.]
[The Rio de la Plata.]
[A Prisoner of the Portuguese.]
[Transported to Angola—A Voyage to the Zaire.]
§ II.
[Trading in Loango.]
[An Attempted Escape.]
[A Second Attempt at Escape.]
[Surrenders to a Portuguese Captain.]
[A campaign in Lamba.]46
[A Voyage to Benguella.]
§ III.
[A Second Voyage to Benguella.]
[Among the Jagas.]
[March into the Interior.]
[Left as an Hostage.]
[He joins the Jagas.]
[Military Organisation of the Jagas.]
[A River of Gold.]
[Palm Wine.]
[Jaga Raids.]
[Dress and Ornaments.]
[Infanticide.]
[Human Sacrifices.]108
[Burial of the Dead.]
§ IV.
[João Rodrigues Coutinho’s Campaign, 1602.]
[Manuel Cerveira Pereira carries on the war.]
[A Trading Trip to Congo.]
[Final Escape from Captivity.]
§ V.
[Kabinda.]
[The Capital of Loango.]
[A Royal Audience.]
[The King’s Wives.]142
[The King Drinks!]
[The King at Dinner.]144
[The King as a Rain-maker.]
[Albinos.]
[The Nkishi, or Fetishes.]
[Children are born White.]
[The Royal Princes.]
[The Kings Mother.]
[Palm Cloth.]158
[The Royal Tombs.]
[Europeans Committed to the Sea.]
§ VI.
[Bongo.]
[Cango.]
[Calongo.]
[Gorillas and Chimpanzis.]169
[Hunting Dogs.]
[The Maramba Fetish.]172
[Sette.]
[Mani Kesock.]178
[Pygmy Elephant-Hunters.]
[Poison Ordeals.]
[Death and Witchcraft.]190
§ VII.
[Domestic Animals.]
[Wild Birds.]
[The Zebra.]
[The Hippopotamus.]
[Portuguese dealings with the Natives.]
[Fishing.]
[“Corn.”]
[Ground-nuts.]
[Plantains, or Bananas.]
[Bees and the Baobab.]
[Palm Trees.]
[A Crocodile Story.]
[The End.]
RELIGION AND THE CUSTOMS
§ I.
Andrew Battel, his Voyage to the River of Plate, who being taken on the coast of Brasill, was sent to Angola.
[From the Thames to Cape Palmas.]
[St. Thomé and the Gulf of Guinea.]
[Across the Atlantic to the Brazils.]
[The Rio de la Plata.]
[A Prisoner of the Portuguese.]
[Transported to Angola—A Voyage to the Zaire.]
§ II.
[Trading in Loango.]
[An Attempted Escape.]
[A Second Attempt at Escape.]
[Surrenders to a Portuguese Captain.]
[A campaign in Lamba.]46
[A Voyage to Benguella.]
§ III.
[A Second Voyage to Benguella.]
[Among the Jagas.]
[March into the Interior.]
[Left as an Hostage.]
[He joins the Jagas.]
[Military Organisation of the Jagas.]
[A River of Gold.]
[Palm Wine.]
[Jaga Raids.]
[Dress and Ornaments.]
[Infanticide.]
[Human Sacrifices.]108
[Burial of the Dead.]
§ IV.
[João Rodrigues Coutinho’s Campaign, 1602.]
[Manuel Cerveira Pereira carries on the war.]
[A Trading Trip to Congo.]
[Final Escape from Captivity.]
§ V.
[Kabinda.]
[The Capital of Loango.]
[A Royal Audience.]
[The King’s Wives.]142
[The King Drinks!]
[The King at Dinner.]144
[The King as a Rain-maker.]
[Albinos.]
[The Nkishi, or Fetishes.]
[Children are born White.]
[The Royal Princes.]
[The Kings Mother.]
[Palm Cloth.]158
[The Royal Tombs.]
[Europeans Committed to the Sea.]
§ VI.
[Bongo.]
[Cango.]
[Calongo.]
[Gorillas and Chimpanzis.]169
[Hunting Dogs.]
[The Maramba Fetish.]172
[Sette.]
[Mani Kesock.]178
[Pygmy Elephant-Hunters.]
[Poison Ordeals.]
[Death and Witchcraft.]190
§ VII.
[Domestic Animals.]
[Wild Birds.]
[The Zebra.]
[The Hippopotamus.]
[Portuguese dealings with the Natives.]
[Fishing.]
[“Corn.”]
[Ground-nuts.]
[Plantains, or Bananas.]
[Bees and the Baobab.]
[Palm Trees.]
[A Crocodile Story.]
[The End.]
Andrew Battel, his Voyage to the River of Plate, who being taken on the coast of Brasill, was sent to Angola.
[From the Thames to Cape Palmas.]
[St. Thomé and the Gulf of Guinea.]
[Across the Atlantic to the Brazils.]
[The Rio de la Plata.]
[A Prisoner of the Portuguese.]
[Transported to Angola—A Voyage to the Zaire.]
§ II.
[Trading in Loango.]
[An Attempted Escape.]
[A Second Attempt at Escape.]
[Surrenders to a Portuguese Captain.]
[A campaign in Lamba.]46
[A Voyage to Benguella.]
§ III.
[A Second Voyage to Benguella.]
[Among the Jagas.]
[March into the Interior.]
[Left as an Hostage.]
[He joins the Jagas.]
[Military Organisation of the Jagas.]
[A River of Gold.]
[Palm Wine.]
[Jaga Raids.]
[Dress and Ornaments.]
[Infanticide.]
[Human Sacrifices.]108
[Burial of the Dead.]
§ IV.
[João Rodrigues Coutinho’s Campaign, 1602.]
[Manuel Cerveira Pereira carries on the war.]
[A Trading Trip to Congo.]
[Final Escape from Captivity.]
§ V.
[Kabinda.]
[The Capital of Loango.]
[A Royal Audience.]
[The King’s Wives.]142
[The King Drinks!]
[The King at Dinner.]144
[The King as a Rain-maker.]
[Albinos.]
[The Nkishi, or Fetishes.]
[Children are born White.]
[The Royal Princes.]
[The Kings Mother.]
[Palm Cloth.]158
[The Royal Tombs.]
[Europeans Committed to the Sea.]
§ VI.
[Bongo.]
[Cango.]
[Calongo.]
[Gorillas and Chimpanzis.]169
[Hunting Dogs.]
[The Maramba Fetish.]172
[Sette.]
[Mani Kesock.]178
[Pygmy Elephant-Hunters.]
[Poison Ordeals.]
[Death and Witchcraft.]190
§ VII.
[Domestic Animals.]
[Wild Birds.]
[The Zebra.]
[The Hippopotamus.]
[Portuguese dealings with the Natives.]
[Fishing.]
[“Corn.”]
[Ground-nuts.]
[Plantains, or Bananas.]
[Bees and the Baobab.]
[Palm Trees.]
[A Crocodile Story.]
[The End.]
RELIGION AND THE CUSTOMS
ANGOLA, CONGO AND LOANGO.
Chap. IX, § I.—Angola.
[The Slave Trade.]
[Fetishes.]
[Trial by Ordeal.]
[Burial.]217
[Dogs.]218
[Quizama.]
[Women and the Moon.]
Chapter IX, § II.—Of Congo.
[A Crocodile Story.]221
Chapter IX, § III.—Of their ... Strange Trees....
Chapter X, § I.—Of Loango.
[Offerings.]
[Funeral Rites.]
[Prohibitions—Taboo.]
[Poison Ordeal.]238
[Albinos.]241
[The Gumbiri Fetish.]
[Possessed of the Fetish.]
[The Maramba Fetish.]246
Chap. X, § III.—Of the Giacchi, or Iagges.249
[Origin of the Jagas.]
[Infanticide among the Jaga.]
[Human Sacrifices.]
[The Slave Trade.]
[Fetishes.]
[Trial by Ordeal.]
[Burial.]217
[Dogs.]218
[Quizama.]
[Women and the Moon.]
Chapter IX, § II.—Of Congo.
[A Crocodile Story.]221
Chapter IX, § III.—Of their ... Strange Trees....
Chapter X, § I.—Of Loango.
[Offerings.]
[Funeral Rites.]
[Prohibitions—Taboo.]
[Poison Ordeal.]238
[Albinos.]241
[The Gumbiri Fetish.]
[Possessed of the Fetish.]
[The Maramba Fetish.]246
Chap. X, § III.—Of the Giacchi, or Iagges.249
[Origin of the Jagas.]
[Infanticide among the Jaga.]
[Human Sacrifices.]
APPENDIX I.
ANTHONY KNIVET IN KONGO AND ANGOLA:
First Account (Purchas, pp. 1220-2).
Second Account (Purchas, pp. 1233-7).
ANTHONY KNIVET IN KONGO AND ANGOLA:
First Account (Purchas, pp. 1220-2).
Second Account (Purchas, pp. 1233-7).
APPENDIX II.
A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF KONGO
Cão’s Discovery of the Kongo, 1482.298
Cão’s Second Voyage, 1485-6.
The Embassy of 1490-1.303
D. Affonso I, 1509-1540.311
D. Pedro and his Successors, 1540-1561.
A Reign of Anarchy, 1561-1568.
D. Alvaro I and the Ayaka, 1568-1574.344
D. Alvaro II, 1574-1614.
D. Pedro II Affonso, 1622-1624.
D. Pedro’s successors, 1624-1641.
Garcia II Affonso, o Kimbaku, 1641-1663,359
D. Antonio I, 1663-66.
A Time of Anarchy, after 1666.
A Retrospect.
A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF KONGO
Cão’s Discovery of the Kongo, 1482.298
Cão’s Second Voyage, 1485-6.
The Embassy of 1490-1.303
D. Affonso I, 1509-1540.311
D. Pedro and his Successors, 1540-1561.
A Reign of Anarchy, 1561-1568.
D. Alvaro I and the Ayaka, 1568-1574.344
D. Alvaro II, 1574-1614.
D. Pedro II Affonso, 1622-1624.
D. Pedro’s successors, 1624-1641.
Garcia II Affonso, o Kimbaku, 1641-1663,359
D. Antonio I, 1663-66.
A Time of Anarchy, after 1666.
A Retrospect.
APPENDIX III.
A LIST OF THE KINGS OF KONGO.
A LIST OF THE KINGS OF KONGO.
APPENDIX IV.
A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF ANGOLA
The Early History of Ndongo (Angola).
The First Expedition of Paulo Dias de Novaes, 1560.
The Second Expedition of Dias, 1574.
Dias in the Field, 1578-89.
Luiz Serrão and the Battle of 1590.
The Jaga.
D. Francisco and D. Jeronymo d’Almeida, 1592-1594.
João Furtado de Mendonça, 1594-1602.
The Campaign of 1602-3.443
D. Manuel Pereira Forjaz and Bento Banha Cardoso, 1607-15.
An Attempt to Cross Africa.
The Conquest of Benguella.
The Colonial Government.
The War with Ngola nzinga mbandi.
Queen Nzinga, 1623-1636.
Minor Events, 1624-1641.
The Dutch in Angola.
Restoration of Portuguese Authority.
Queen Nzinga and Her Successors.
The Last of the Kings of Ndongo, 1671.
Relations with Kongo.
Minor Punitive Expeditions, 1658-95.
Benguella.
Ecclesiastical Affairs.
Measures of Administration.
A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF ANGOLA
The Early History of Ndongo (Angola).
The First Expedition of Paulo Dias de Novaes, 1560.
The Second Expedition of Dias, 1574.
Dias in the Field, 1578-89.
Luiz Serrão and the Battle of 1590.
The Jaga.
D. Francisco and D. Jeronymo d’Almeida, 1592-1594.
João Furtado de Mendonça, 1594-1602.
The Campaign of 1602-3.443
D. Manuel Pereira Forjaz and Bento Banha Cardoso, 1607-15.
An Attempt to Cross Africa.
The Conquest of Benguella.
The Colonial Government.
The War with Ngola nzinga mbandi.
Queen Nzinga, 1623-1636.
Minor Events, 1624-1641.
The Dutch in Angola.
Restoration of Portuguese Authority.
Queen Nzinga and Her Successors.
The Last of the Kings of Ndongo, 1671.
Relations with Kongo.
Minor Punitive Expeditions, 1658-95.
Benguella.
Ecclesiastical Affairs.
Measures of Administration.
APPENDIX V.
A LIST OF THE GOVERNORS OF ANGOLA, 1575-1702.
A LIST OF THE GOVERNORS OF ANGOLA, 1575-1702.
FOOTNOTES:
INDEX AND GLOSSARY.
Chap. IX, § I.—Angola.
[The Slave Trade.]
[Fetishes.]
[Trial by Ordeal.]
[Burial.]217
[Dogs.]218
[Quizama.]
[Women and the Moon.]
Chapter IX, § II.—Of Congo.
[A Crocodile Story.]221
Chapter IX, § III.—Of their ... Strange Trees....
Chapter X, § I.—Of Loango.
[Offerings.]
[Funeral Rites.]
[Prohibitions—Taboo.]
[Poison Ordeal.]238
[Albinos.]241
[The Gumbiri Fetish.]
[Possessed of the Fetish.]
[The Maramba Fetish.]246
Chap. X, § III.—Of the Giacchi, or Iagges.249
[Origin of the Jagas.]
[Infanticide among the Jaga.]
[Human Sacrifices.]
[The Slave Trade.]
[Fetishes.]
[Trial by Ordeal.]
[Burial.]217
[Dogs.]218
[Quizama.]
[Women and the Moon.]
Chapter IX, § II.—Of Congo.
[A Crocodile Story.]221
Chapter IX, § III.—Of their ... Strange Trees....
Chapter X, § I.—Of Loango.
[Offerings.]
[Funeral Rites.]
[Prohibitions—Taboo.]
[Poison Ordeal.]238
[Albinos.]241
[The Gumbiri Fetish.]
[Possessed of the Fetish.]
[The Maramba Fetish.]246
Chap. X, § III.—Of the Giacchi, or Iagges.249
[Origin of the Jagas.]
[Infanticide among the Jaga.]
[Human Sacrifices.]
APPENDIX I.
ANTHONY KNIVET IN KONGO AND ANGOLA:
First Account (Purchas, pp. 1220-2).
Second Account (Purchas, pp. 1233-7).
ANTHONY KNIVET IN KONGO AND ANGOLA:
First Account (Purchas, pp. 1220-2).
Second Account (Purchas, pp. 1233-7).
APPENDIX II.
A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF KONGO
Cão’s Discovery of the Kongo, 1482.298
Cão’s Second Voyage, 1485-6.
The Embassy of 1490-1.303
D. Affonso I, 1509-1540.311
D. Pedro and his Successors, 1540-1561.
A Reign of Anarchy, 1561-1568.
D. Alvaro I and the Ayaka, 1568-1574.344
D. Alvaro II, 1574-1614.
D. Pedro II Affonso, 1622-1624.
D. Pedro’s successors, 1624-1641.
Garcia II Affonso, o Kimbaku, 1641-1663,359
D. Antonio I, 1663-66.
A Time of Anarchy, after 1666.
A Retrospect.
A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF KONGO
Cão’s Discovery of the Kongo, 1482.298
Cão’s Second Voyage, 1485-6.
The Embassy of 1490-1.303
D. Affonso I, 1509-1540.311
D. Pedro and his Successors, 1540-1561.
A Reign of Anarchy, 1561-1568.
D. Alvaro I and the Ayaka, 1568-1574.344
D. Alvaro II, 1574-1614.
D. Pedro II Affonso, 1622-1624.
D. Pedro’s successors, 1624-1641.
Garcia II Affonso, o Kimbaku, 1641-1663,359
D. Antonio I, 1663-66.
A Time of Anarchy, after 1666.
A Retrospect.
APPENDIX III.
A LIST OF THE KINGS OF KONGO.
A LIST OF THE KINGS OF KONGO.
APPENDIX IV.
A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF ANGOLA
The Early History of Ndongo (Angola).
The First Expedition of Paulo Dias de Novaes, 1560.
The Second Expedition of Dias, 1574.
Dias in the Field, 1578-89.
Luiz Serrão and the Battle of 1590.
The Jaga.
D. Francisco and D. Jeronymo d’Almeida, 1592-1594.
João Furtado de Mendonça, 1594-1602.
The Campaign of 1602-3.443
D. Manuel Pereira Forjaz and Bento Banha Cardoso, 1607-15.
An Attempt to Cross Africa.
The Conquest of Benguella.
The Colonial Government.
The War with Ngola nzinga mbandi.
Queen Nzinga, 1623-1636.
Minor Events, 1624-1641.
The Dutch in Angola.
Restoration of Portuguese Authority.
Queen Nzinga and Her Successors.
The Last of the Kings of Ndongo, 1671.
Relations with Kongo.
Minor Punitive Expeditions, 1658-95.
Benguella.
Ecclesiastical Affairs.
Measures of Administration.
A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF ANGOLA
The Early History of Ndongo (Angola).
The First Expedition of Paulo Dias de Novaes, 1560.
The Second Expedition of Dias, 1574.
Dias in the Field, 1578-89.
Luiz Serrão and the Battle of 1590.
The Jaga.
D. Francisco and D. Jeronymo d’Almeida, 1592-1594.
João Furtado de Mendonça, 1594-1602.
The Campaign of 1602-3.443
D. Manuel Pereira Forjaz and Bento Banha Cardoso, 1607-15.
An Attempt to Cross Africa.
The Conquest of Benguella.
The Colonial Government.
The War with Ngola nzinga mbandi.
Queen Nzinga, 1623-1636.
Minor Events, 1624-1641.
The Dutch in Angola.
Restoration of Portuguese Authority.
Queen Nzinga and Her Successors.
The Last of the Kings of Ndongo, 1671.
Relations with Kongo.
Minor Punitive Expeditions, 1658-95.
Benguella.
Ecclesiastical Affairs.
Measures of Administration.
APPENDIX V.
A LIST OF THE GOVERNORS OF ANGOLA, 1575-1702.
A LIST OF THE GOVERNORS OF ANGOLA, 1575-1702.
FOOTNOTES:
INDEX AND GLOSSARY.
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