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The Strange Adventures of Andrew Battell of Leigh, in Angola and the Adjoining Regions

By Andrew Battell
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  • WORKS ISSUED BY The Hakluyt Society
    • THE STRANGE ADVENTURES OF ANDREW BATTELL.
      • SECOND SERIES. No. VI.
    • SECOND SERIES. No. VI.
  • THE STRANGE ADVENTURES OF ANDREW BATTELL OF LEIGH, IN ANGOLA AND THE ADJOINING REGIONS.
    • REPRINTED FROM “PURCHAS HIS PILGRIMES.”
      • Edited, with Notes and a Concise HISTORY OF KONGO AND ANGOLA, BY E. G. RAVENSTEIN.
        • Printed in Germany Lessing-Druckerei—Wiesbaden
        • COUNCIL
        • THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY.
      • Printed in Germany Lessing-Druckerei—Wiesbaden
      • COUNCIL
      • THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY.
      • CONTENTS.
      • INTRODUCTION.
      • BIBLIOGRAPHY.
    • Edited, with Notes and a Concise HISTORY OF KONGO AND ANGOLA, BY E. G. RAVENSTEIN.
      • Printed in Germany Lessing-Druckerei—Wiesbaden
      • COUNCIL
      • THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY.
    • Printed in Germany Lessing-Druckerei—Wiesbaden
    • COUNCIL
    • THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY.
    • CONTENTS.
    • INTRODUCTION.
    • BIBLIOGRAPHY.
    • THE STRANGE ADVENTURES OF ANDREW BATTELL OF LEIGH IN ESSEX, SENT BY THE PORTUGALS PRISONER TO ANGOLA, WHO LIVED THERE, AND IN THE ADJOINING REGIONS, NEAR EIGHTEEN YEARS.
      • § I.
        • Andrew Battel, his Voyage to the River of Plate, who being taken on the coast of Brasill, was sent to Angola.
        • [From the Thames to Cape Palmas.]
        • [St. Thomé and the Gulf of Guinea.]
        • [Across the Atlantic to the Brazils.]
        • [The Rio de la Plata.]
        • [A Prisoner of the Portuguese.]
        • [Transported to Angola—A Voyage to the Zaire.]
        • § II.
        • [Trading in Loango.]
        • [An Attempted Escape.]
        • [A Second Attempt at Escape.]
        • [Surrenders to a Portuguese Captain.]
        • [A campaign in Lamba.]46
        • [A Voyage to Benguella.]
        • § III.
        • [A Second Voyage to Benguella.]
        • [Among the Jagas.]
        • [March into the Interior.]
        • [Left as an Hostage.]
        • [He joins the Jagas.]
        • [Military Organisation of the Jagas.]
        • [A River of Gold.]
        • [Palm Wine.]
        • [Jaga Raids.]
        • [Dress and Ornaments.]
        • [Infanticide.]
        • [Human Sacrifices.]108
        • [Burial of the Dead.]
        • § IV.
        • [João Rodrigues Coutinho’s Campaign, 1602.]
        • [Manuel Cerveira Pereira carries on the war.]
        • [A Trading Trip to Congo.]
        • [Final Escape from Captivity.]
        • § V.
        • [Kabinda.]
        • [The Capital of Loango.]
        • [A Royal Audience.]
        • [The King’s Wives.]142
        • [The King Drinks!]
        • [The King at Dinner.]144
        • [The King as a Rain-maker.]
        • [Albinos.]
        • [The Nkishi, or Fetishes.]
        • [Children are born White.]
        • [The Royal Princes.]
        • [The Kings Mother.]
        • [Palm Cloth.]158
        • [The Royal Tombs.]
        • [Europeans Committed to the Sea.]
        • § VI.
        • [Bongo.]
        • [Cango.]
        • [Calongo.]
        • [Gorillas and Chimpanzis.]169
        • [Hunting Dogs.]
        • [The Maramba Fetish.]172
        • [Sette.]
        • [Mani Kesock.]178
        • [Pygmy Elephant-Hunters.]
        • [Poison Ordeals.]
        • [Death and Witchcraft.]190
        • § VII.
        • [Domestic Animals.]
        • [Wild Birds.]
        • [The Zebra.]
        • [The Hippopotamus.]
        • [Portuguese dealings with the Natives.]
        • [Fishing.]
        • [“Corn.”]
        • [Ground-nuts.]
        • [Plantains, or Bananas.]
        • [Bees and the Baobab.]
        • [Palm Trees.]
        • [A Crocodile Story.]
        • [The End.]
      • Andrew Battel, his Voyage to the River of Plate, who being taken on the coast of Brasill, was sent to Angola.
      • [From the Thames to Cape Palmas.]
      • [St. Thomé and the Gulf of Guinea.]
      • [Across the Atlantic to the Brazils.]
      • [The Rio de la Plata.]
      • [A Prisoner of the Portuguese.]
      • [Transported to Angola—A Voyage to the Zaire.]
      • § II.
      • [Trading in Loango.]
      • [An Attempted Escape.]
      • [A Second Attempt at Escape.]
      • [Surrenders to a Portuguese Captain.]
      • [A campaign in Lamba.]46
      • [A Voyage to Benguella.]
      • § III.
      • [A Second Voyage to Benguella.]
      • [Among the Jagas.]
      • [March into the Interior.]
      • [Left as an Hostage.]
      • [He joins the Jagas.]
      • [Military Organisation of the Jagas.]
      • [A River of Gold.]
      • [Palm Wine.]
      • [Jaga Raids.]
      • [Dress and Ornaments.]
      • [Infanticide.]
      • [Human Sacrifices.]108
      • [Burial of the Dead.]
      • § IV.
      • [João Rodrigues Coutinho’s Campaign, 1602.]
      • [Manuel Cerveira Pereira carries on the war.]
      • [A Trading Trip to Congo.]
      • [Final Escape from Captivity.]
      • § V.
      • [Kabinda.]
      • [The Capital of Loango.]
      • [A Royal Audience.]
      • [The King’s Wives.]142
      • [The King Drinks!]
      • [The King at Dinner.]144
      • [The King as a Rain-maker.]
      • [Albinos.]
      • [The Nkishi, or Fetishes.]
      • [Children are born White.]
      • [The Royal Princes.]
      • [The Kings Mother.]
      • [Palm Cloth.]158
      • [The Royal Tombs.]
      • [Europeans Committed to the Sea.]
      • § VI.
      • [Bongo.]
      • [Cango.]
      • [Calongo.]
      • [Gorillas and Chimpanzis.]169
      • [Hunting Dogs.]
      • [The Maramba Fetish.]172
      • [Sette.]
      • [Mani Kesock.]178
      • [Pygmy Elephant-Hunters.]
      • [Poison Ordeals.]
      • [Death and Witchcraft.]190
      • § VII.
      • [Domestic Animals.]
      • [Wild Birds.]
      • [The Zebra.]
      • [The Hippopotamus.]
      • [Portuguese dealings with the Natives.]
      • [Fishing.]
      • [“Corn.”]
      • [Ground-nuts.]
      • [Plantains, or Bananas.]
      • [Bees and the Baobab.]
      • [Palm Trees.]
      • [A Crocodile Story.]
      • [The End.]
      • RELIGION AND THE CUSTOMS
    • § I.
      • Andrew Battel, his Voyage to the River of Plate, who being taken on the coast of Brasill, was sent to Angola.
      • [From the Thames to Cape Palmas.]
      • [St. Thomé and the Gulf of Guinea.]
      • [Across the Atlantic to the Brazils.]
      • [The Rio de la Plata.]
      • [A Prisoner of the Portuguese.]
      • [Transported to Angola—A Voyage to the Zaire.]
      • § II.
      • [Trading in Loango.]
      • [An Attempted Escape.]
      • [A Second Attempt at Escape.]
      • [Surrenders to a Portuguese Captain.]
      • [A campaign in Lamba.]46
      • [A Voyage to Benguella.]
      • § III.
      • [A Second Voyage to Benguella.]
      • [Among the Jagas.]
      • [March into the Interior.]
      • [Left as an Hostage.]
      • [He joins the Jagas.]
      • [Military Organisation of the Jagas.]
      • [A River of Gold.]
      • [Palm Wine.]
      • [Jaga Raids.]
      • [Dress and Ornaments.]
      • [Infanticide.]
      • [Human Sacrifices.]108
      • [Burial of the Dead.]
      • § IV.
      • [João Rodrigues Coutinho’s Campaign, 1602.]
      • [Manuel Cerveira Pereira carries on the war.]
      • [A Trading Trip to Congo.]
      • [Final Escape from Captivity.]
      • § V.
      • [Kabinda.]
      • [The Capital of Loango.]
      • [A Royal Audience.]
      • [The King’s Wives.]142
      • [The King Drinks!]
      • [The King at Dinner.]144
      • [The King as a Rain-maker.]
      • [Albinos.]
      • [The Nkishi, or Fetishes.]
      • [Children are born White.]
      • [The Royal Princes.]
      • [The Kings Mother.]
      • [Palm Cloth.]158
      • [The Royal Tombs.]
      • [Europeans Committed to the Sea.]
      • § VI.
      • [Bongo.]
      • [Cango.]
      • [Calongo.]
      • [Gorillas and Chimpanzis.]169
      • [Hunting Dogs.]
      • [The Maramba Fetish.]172
      • [Sette.]
      • [Mani Kesock.]178
      • [Pygmy Elephant-Hunters.]
      • [Poison Ordeals.]
      • [Death and Witchcraft.]190
      • § VII.
      • [Domestic Animals.]
      • [Wild Birds.]
      • [The Zebra.]
      • [The Hippopotamus.]
      • [Portuguese dealings with the Natives.]
      • [Fishing.]
      • [“Corn.”]
      • [Ground-nuts.]
      • [Plantains, or Bananas.]
      • [Bees and the Baobab.]
      • [Palm Trees.]
      • [A Crocodile Story.]
      • [The End.]
    • Andrew Battel, his Voyage to the River of Plate, who being taken on the coast of Brasill, was sent to Angola.
    • [From the Thames to Cape Palmas.]
    • [St. Thomé and the Gulf of Guinea.]
    • [Across the Atlantic to the Brazils.]
    • [The Rio de la Plata.]
    • [A Prisoner of the Portuguese.]
    • [Transported to Angola—A Voyage to the Zaire.]
    • § II.
    • [Trading in Loango.]
    • [An Attempted Escape.]
    • [A Second Attempt at Escape.]
    • [Surrenders to a Portuguese Captain.]
    • [A campaign in Lamba.]46
    • [A Voyage to Benguella.]
    • § III.
    • [A Second Voyage to Benguella.]
    • [Among the Jagas.]
    • [March into the Interior.]
    • [Left as an Hostage.]
    • [He joins the Jagas.]
    • [Military Organisation of the Jagas.]
    • [A River of Gold.]
    • [Palm Wine.]
    • [Jaga Raids.]
    • [Dress and Ornaments.]
    • [Infanticide.]
    • [Human Sacrifices.]108
    • [Burial of the Dead.]
    • § IV.
    • [João Rodrigues Coutinho’s Campaign, 1602.]
    • [Manuel Cerveira Pereira carries on the war.]
    • [A Trading Trip to Congo.]
    • [Final Escape from Captivity.]
    • § V.
    • [Kabinda.]
    • [The Capital of Loango.]
    • [A Royal Audience.]
    • [The King’s Wives.]142
    • [The King Drinks!]
    • [The King at Dinner.]144
    • [The King as a Rain-maker.]
    • [Albinos.]
    • [The Nkishi, or Fetishes.]
    • [Children are born White.]
    • [The Royal Princes.]
    • [The Kings Mother.]
    • [Palm Cloth.]158
    • [The Royal Tombs.]
    • [Europeans Committed to the Sea.]
    • § VI.
    • [Bongo.]
    • [Cango.]
    • [Calongo.]
    • [Gorillas and Chimpanzis.]169
    • [Hunting Dogs.]
    • [The Maramba Fetish.]172
    • [Sette.]
    • [Mani Kesock.]178
    • [Pygmy Elephant-Hunters.]
    • [Poison Ordeals.]
    • [Death and Witchcraft.]190
    • § VII.
    • [Domestic Animals.]
    • [Wild Birds.]
    • [The Zebra.]
    • [The Hippopotamus.]
    • [Portuguese dealings with the Natives.]
    • [Fishing.]
    • [“Corn.”]
    • [Ground-nuts.]
    • [Plantains, or Bananas.]
    • [Bees and the Baobab.]
    • [Palm Trees.]
    • [A Crocodile Story.]
    • [The End.]
    • RELIGION AND THE CUSTOMS
    • ANGOLA, CONGO AND LOANGO.
      • Chap. IX, § I.—Angola.
        • [The Slave Trade.]
        • [Fetishes.]
        • [Trial by Ordeal.]
        • [Burial.]217
        • [Dogs.]218
        • [Quizama.]
        • [Women and the Moon.]
        • Chapter IX, § II.—Of Congo.
        • [A Crocodile Story.]221
        • Chapter IX, § III.—Of their ... Strange Trees....
        • Chapter X, § I.—Of Loango.
        • [Offerings.]
        • [Funeral Rites.]
        • [Prohibitions—Taboo.]
        • [Poison Ordeal.]238
        • [Albinos.]241
        • [The Gumbiri Fetish.]
        • [Possessed of the Fetish.]
        • [The Maramba Fetish.]246
        • Chap. X, § III.—Of the Giacchi, or Iagges.249
        • [Origin of the Jagas.]
        • [Infanticide among the Jaga.]
        • [Human Sacrifices.]
      • [The Slave Trade.]
      • [Fetishes.]
      • [Trial by Ordeal.]
      • [Burial.]217
      • [Dogs.]218
      • [Quizama.]
      • [Women and the Moon.]
      • Chapter IX, § II.—Of Congo.
      • [A Crocodile Story.]221
      • Chapter IX, § III.—Of their ... Strange Trees....
      • Chapter X, § I.—Of Loango.
      • [Offerings.]
      • [Funeral Rites.]
      • [Prohibitions—Taboo.]
      • [Poison Ordeal.]238
      • [Albinos.]241
      • [The Gumbiri Fetish.]
      • [Possessed of the Fetish.]
      • [The Maramba Fetish.]246
      • Chap. X, § III.—Of the Giacchi, or Iagges.249
      • [Origin of the Jagas.]
      • [Infanticide among the Jaga.]
      • [Human Sacrifices.]
      • APPENDIX I.
        • ANTHONY KNIVET IN KONGO AND ANGOLA:
        • First Account (Purchas, pp. 1220-2).
        • Second Account (Purchas, pp. 1233-7).
      • ANTHONY KNIVET IN KONGO AND ANGOLA:
      • First Account (Purchas, pp. 1220-2).
      • Second Account (Purchas, pp. 1233-7).
      • APPENDIX II.
        • A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF KONGO
        • Cão’s Discovery of the Kongo, 1482.298
        • Cão’s Second Voyage, 1485-6.
        • The Embassy of 1490-1.303
        • D. Affonso I, 1509-1540.311
        • D. Pedro and his Successors, 1540-1561.
        • A Reign of Anarchy, 1561-1568.
        • D. Alvaro I and the Ayaka, 1568-1574.344
        • D. Alvaro II, 1574-1614.
        • D. Pedro II Affonso, 1622-1624.
        • D. Pedro’s successors, 1624-1641.
        • Garcia II Affonso, o Kimbaku, 1641-1663,359
        • D. Antonio I, 1663-66.
        • A Time of Anarchy, after 1666.
        • A Retrospect.
      • A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF KONGO
      • Cão’s Discovery of the Kongo, 1482.298
      • Cão’s Second Voyage, 1485-6.
      • The Embassy of 1490-1.303
      • D. Affonso I, 1509-1540.311
      • D. Pedro and his Successors, 1540-1561.
      • A Reign of Anarchy, 1561-1568.
      • D. Alvaro I and the Ayaka, 1568-1574.344
      • D. Alvaro II, 1574-1614.
      • D. Pedro II Affonso, 1622-1624.
      • D. Pedro’s successors, 1624-1641.
      • Garcia II Affonso, o Kimbaku, 1641-1663,359
      • D. Antonio I, 1663-66.
      • A Time of Anarchy, after 1666.
      • A Retrospect.
      • APPENDIX III.
        • A LIST OF THE KINGS OF KONGO.
      • A LIST OF THE KINGS OF KONGO.
      • APPENDIX IV.
        • A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF ANGOLA
        • The Early History of Ndongo (Angola).
        • The First Expedition of Paulo Dias de Novaes, 1560.
        • The Second Expedition of Dias, 1574.
        • Dias in the Field, 1578-89.
        • Luiz Serrão and the Battle of 1590.
        • The Jaga.
        • D. Francisco and D. Jeronymo d’Almeida, 1592-1594.
        • João Furtado de Mendonça, 1594-1602.
        • The Campaign of 1602-3.443
        • D. Manuel Pereira Forjaz and Bento Banha Cardoso, 1607-15.
        • An Attempt to Cross Africa.
        • The Conquest of Benguella.
        • The Colonial Government.
        • The War with Ngola nzinga mbandi.
        • Queen Nzinga, 1623-1636.
        • Minor Events, 1624-1641.
        • The Dutch in Angola.
        • Restoration of Portuguese Authority.
        • Queen Nzinga and Her Successors.
        • The Last of the Kings of Ndongo, 1671.
        • Relations with Kongo.
        • Minor Punitive Expeditions, 1658-95.
        • Benguella.
        • Ecclesiastical Affairs.
        • Measures of Administration.
      • A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF ANGOLA
      • The Early History of Ndongo (Angola).
      • The First Expedition of Paulo Dias de Novaes, 1560.
      • The Second Expedition of Dias, 1574.
      • Dias in the Field, 1578-89.
      • Luiz Serrão and the Battle of 1590.
      • The Jaga.
      • D. Francisco and D. Jeronymo d’Almeida, 1592-1594.
      • João Furtado de Mendonça, 1594-1602.
      • The Campaign of 1602-3.443
      • D. Manuel Pereira Forjaz and Bento Banha Cardoso, 1607-15.
      • An Attempt to Cross Africa.
      • The Conquest of Benguella.
      • The Colonial Government.
      • The War with Ngola nzinga mbandi.
      • Queen Nzinga, 1623-1636.
      • Minor Events, 1624-1641.
      • The Dutch in Angola.
      • Restoration of Portuguese Authority.
      • Queen Nzinga and Her Successors.
      • The Last of the Kings of Ndongo, 1671.
      • Relations with Kongo.
      • Minor Punitive Expeditions, 1658-95.
      • Benguella.
      • Ecclesiastical Affairs.
      • Measures of Administration.
      • APPENDIX V.
        • A LIST OF THE GOVERNORS OF ANGOLA, 1575-1702.
      • A LIST OF THE GOVERNORS OF ANGOLA, 1575-1702.
      • FOOTNOTES:
      • INDEX AND GLOSSARY.
    • Chap. IX, § I.—Angola.
      • [The Slave Trade.]
      • [Fetishes.]
      • [Trial by Ordeal.]
      • [Burial.]217
      • [Dogs.]218
      • [Quizama.]
      • [Women and the Moon.]
      • Chapter IX, § II.—Of Congo.
      • [A Crocodile Story.]221
      • Chapter IX, § III.—Of their ... Strange Trees....
      • Chapter X, § I.—Of Loango.
      • [Offerings.]
      • [Funeral Rites.]
      • [Prohibitions—Taboo.]
      • [Poison Ordeal.]238
      • [Albinos.]241
      • [The Gumbiri Fetish.]
      • [Possessed of the Fetish.]
      • [The Maramba Fetish.]246
      • Chap. X, § III.—Of the Giacchi, or Iagges.249
      • [Origin of the Jagas.]
      • [Infanticide among the Jaga.]
      • [Human Sacrifices.]
    • [The Slave Trade.]
    • [Fetishes.]
    • [Trial by Ordeal.]
    • [Burial.]217
    • [Dogs.]218
    • [Quizama.]
    • [Women and the Moon.]
    • Chapter IX, § II.—Of Congo.
    • [A Crocodile Story.]221
    • Chapter IX, § III.—Of their ... Strange Trees....
    • Chapter X, § I.—Of Loango.
    • [Offerings.]
    • [Funeral Rites.]
    • [Prohibitions—Taboo.]
    • [Poison Ordeal.]238
    • [Albinos.]241
    • [The Gumbiri Fetish.]
    • [Possessed of the Fetish.]
    • [The Maramba Fetish.]246
    • Chap. X, § III.—Of the Giacchi, or Iagges.249
    • [Origin of the Jagas.]
    • [Infanticide among the Jaga.]
    • [Human Sacrifices.]
    • APPENDIX I.
      • ANTHONY KNIVET IN KONGO AND ANGOLA:
      • First Account (Purchas, pp. 1220-2).
      • Second Account (Purchas, pp. 1233-7).
    • ANTHONY KNIVET IN KONGO AND ANGOLA:
    • First Account (Purchas, pp. 1220-2).
    • Second Account (Purchas, pp. 1233-7).
    • APPENDIX II.
      • A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF KONGO
      • Cão’s Discovery of the Kongo, 1482.298
      • Cão’s Second Voyage, 1485-6.
      • The Embassy of 1490-1.303
      • D. Affonso I, 1509-1540.311
      • D. Pedro and his Successors, 1540-1561.
      • A Reign of Anarchy, 1561-1568.
      • D. Alvaro I and the Ayaka, 1568-1574.344
      • D. Alvaro II, 1574-1614.
      • D. Pedro II Affonso, 1622-1624.
      • D. Pedro’s successors, 1624-1641.
      • Garcia II Affonso, o Kimbaku, 1641-1663,359
      • D. Antonio I, 1663-66.
      • A Time of Anarchy, after 1666.
      • A Retrospect.
    • A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF KONGO
    • Cão’s Discovery of the Kongo, 1482.298
    • Cão’s Second Voyage, 1485-6.
    • The Embassy of 1490-1.303
    • D. Affonso I, 1509-1540.311
    • D. Pedro and his Successors, 1540-1561.
    • A Reign of Anarchy, 1561-1568.
    • D. Alvaro I and the Ayaka, 1568-1574.344
    • D. Alvaro II, 1574-1614.
    • D. Pedro II Affonso, 1622-1624.
    • D. Pedro’s successors, 1624-1641.
    • Garcia II Affonso, o Kimbaku, 1641-1663,359
    • D. Antonio I, 1663-66.
    • A Time of Anarchy, after 1666.
    • A Retrospect.
    • APPENDIX III.
      • A LIST OF THE KINGS OF KONGO.
    • A LIST OF THE KINGS OF KONGO.
    • APPENDIX IV.
      • A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF ANGOLA
      • The Early History of Ndongo (Angola).
      • The First Expedition of Paulo Dias de Novaes, 1560.
      • The Second Expedition of Dias, 1574.
      • Dias in the Field, 1578-89.
      • Luiz Serrão and the Battle of 1590.
      • The Jaga.
      • D. Francisco and D. Jeronymo d’Almeida, 1592-1594.
      • João Furtado de Mendonça, 1594-1602.
      • The Campaign of 1602-3.443
      • D. Manuel Pereira Forjaz and Bento Banha Cardoso, 1607-15.
      • An Attempt to Cross Africa.
      • The Conquest of Benguella.
      • The Colonial Government.
      • The War with Ngola nzinga mbandi.
      • Queen Nzinga, 1623-1636.
      • Minor Events, 1624-1641.
      • The Dutch in Angola.
      • Restoration of Portuguese Authority.
      • Queen Nzinga and Her Successors.
      • The Last of the Kings of Ndongo, 1671.
      • Relations with Kongo.
      • Minor Punitive Expeditions, 1658-95.
      • Benguella.
      • Ecclesiastical Affairs.
      • Measures of Administration.
    • A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF ANGOLA
    • The Early History of Ndongo (Angola).
    • The First Expedition of Paulo Dias de Novaes, 1560.
    • The Second Expedition of Dias, 1574.
    • Dias in the Field, 1578-89.
    • Luiz Serrão and the Battle of 1590.
    • The Jaga.
    • D. Francisco and D. Jeronymo d’Almeida, 1592-1594.
    • João Furtado de Mendonça, 1594-1602.
    • The Campaign of 1602-3.443
    • D. Manuel Pereira Forjaz and Bento Banha Cardoso, 1607-15.
    • An Attempt to Cross Africa.
    • The Conquest of Benguella.
    • The Colonial Government.
    • The War with Ngola nzinga mbandi.
    • Queen Nzinga, 1623-1636.
    • Minor Events, 1624-1641.
    • The Dutch in Angola.
    • Restoration of Portuguese Authority.
    • Queen Nzinga and Her Successors.
    • The Last of the Kings of Ndongo, 1671.
    • Relations with Kongo.
    • Minor Punitive Expeditions, 1658-95.
    • Benguella.
    • Ecclesiastical Affairs.
    • Measures of Administration.
    • APPENDIX V.
      • A LIST OF THE GOVERNORS OF ANGOLA, 1575-1702.
    • A LIST OF THE GOVERNORS OF ANGOLA, 1575-1702.
    • FOOTNOTES:
    • INDEX AND GLOSSARY.
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