The Montessori Method Scientific Pedagogy as Applied to Child Education in 'The Children's Houses' with Additions and Revisions by the Author
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THE MONTESSORI METHOD
SCIENTIFIC PEDAGOGY AS APPLIED TO CHILD EDUCATION IN "THE CHILDREN'S HOUSES" WITH ADDITIONS AND REVISIONS BY THE AUTHOR
BY
MARIA MONTESSORI
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
PREFACE TO THE AMERICAN EDITION
CONTENTS
ILLUSTRATIONS
INTRODUCTION
THE MONTESSORI METHOD
CHAPTER I
A Critical Consideration of the New Pedagogy in its Relation to Modern Science
CHAPTER II
History of Methods
CHAPTER III
Inagural Address Delivered on the Occasion of the Opening of One of the "Children's Houses"
RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE "CHILDREN'S HOUSES"
CHAPTER IV
Pedagogical Methods used in the "Children's Houses"
ANTHROPOLOGICAL CONSIDERATION
ENVIRONMENT: SCHOOLROOM FURNISHINGS
CHAPTER V.
Discipline
INDEPENDENCE
ABOLITION OF PRIZES AND OF EXTERNAL FORMS OF PUNISHMENT
THE BIOLOGICAL CONCEPT OF LIBERTY IN PEDAGOGY
CHAPTER VI
How the Lessons Should be Given
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INDIVIDUAL LESSONS:—CONCISENESS, SIMPLICITY, OBJECTIVITY
CHAPTER VII
Exercises of Practical Life
PROPOSED WINTER SCHEDULE OF HOURS IN THE "CHILDREN'S HOUSES"
Opening at Nine O'clock—Closing at Four O'clock
CHAPTER VIII
Refection—The Child's Diet
DISTRIBUTION OF THE MEALS
CHAPTER IX
Muscular Education—Gymnastics
FREE GYMNASTICS
EDUCATIONAL GYMNASTICS
RESPIRATORY GYMNASTICS
CHAPTER X
Nature in Education—Agricultural Labour: Culture of Plants and Animals
CHAPTER XI
Manual Labour—the Potter's Art and Building
CHAPTER XII
Education of the Senses
CHAPTER XIII
Education of the Senses and Illustrations of the Didactic Material: General Sensibility; the Tactile, Thermic, Baric, and Stereognostic Senses
EDUCATION OF THE STEREOGNOSTIC SENSE
EDUCATION OF THE SENSES OF TASTE AND SMELL
EDUCATION OF THE SENSE OF VISION
I. Differential Visual Perception of Dimensions
II. Differential Visual Perception of Form and Visual-tactile-muscular Perception
III. Differential Visual Perception of Colours:—Education of the Chromatic Sense
EXERCISE FOR THE DISCRIMINATION OF SOUNDS
CHAPTER XIV
General Notes on the Education of the Senses
CHAPTER XV
Intellectual Education
GAMES OF THE BLIND
APPLICATION OF THE EDUCATION OF THE VISUAL SENSE TO THE OBSERVATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER XVI
Methods for the Teaching of Reading and Writing
CHAPTER XVII
Description of the Method and Didactic Material Used
FIRST PERIOD: EXERCISE TENDING TO DEVELOP THE MUSCULAR MECHANISM NECESSARY IN HOLDING AND USING THE INSTRUMENT IN WRITING
SECOND PERIOD: EXERCISES TENDING TO ESTABLISH THE VISUAL-MUSCULAR IMAGE OF THE ALPHABETICAL SIGNS, AND TO ESTABLISH THE MUSCULAR MEMORY OF THE MOVEMENTS NECESSARY TO WRITING
THIRD PERIOD: EXERCISES FOR THE COMPOSITION OF WORDS
READING
CHAPTER XVIII
Language in Childhood
DEFECTS OF LANGUAGE DUE TO LACK OF EDUCATION
CHAPTER XIX
Teaching of Numeration; Introduction to Arithmetic
THE NUMBERS AS REPRESENTED BY THE GRAPHIC SIGNS
EXERCISES FOR THE MEMORY OF NUMBERS
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION FROM ONE TO TWENTY: MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION
LESSONS ON DECIMALS: ARITHMETICAL CALCULATIONS BEYOND TEN
CHAPTER XX
Sequence of Exercises
SEQUENCE AND GRADES IN THE PRESENTATION OF MATERIAL AND IN THE EXERCISES
First Grade
Second Grade
Third Grade
Fourth Grade
Fifth Grade
CHAPTER XXI
General Review of Discipline
CHAPTER XXII
Conclusions and Impressions
THE END
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