CLEVELAND EDUCATION SURVEY

WM. F. FELL CO. PRINTERS PHILADELPHIA

THE INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION SURVEY

Types of Occupations Studied

The Survey Staff and Methods of Work

FORECASTING FUTURE PROBABILITIES

The Popular Concept of Industrial Education

The Importance of Relative Numbers

A Constructive Program Must Fit the Facts

An Actuarial Basis for Industrial Education

THE WAGE EARNERS OF CLEVELAND

TABLE 1.—OCCUPATIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE WORKING POPULATION OF CLEVELAND, CENSUS OF OCCUPATIONS, 1910TableList

TABLE 2.—NATIVITY OF THE WORKING POPULATION IN CLEVELAND. U.S. CENSUS, 1910TableList

THE FUTURE WAGE-EARNERS OF CLEVELAND

The Public Schools

TABLE 3.—PUPILS ENROLLED IN THE DIFFERENT GRADES OF THE PUBLIC DAY SCHOOLS IN JUNE, 1915TableList

TABLE 4.—ENROLLMENT OF HIGH SCHOOL PUPILS, SECOND SEMESTER, 1914-1915TableList

Ages of Pupils

TABLE 5.—AGES OF PUPILS ENROLLED IN PUBLIC ELEMENTARY, HIGH, AND NORMAL SCHOOLS IN JUNE, 1915TableList

Education at the Time of Leaving School

TABLE 6.—EDUCATIONAL EQUIPMENT OF THE CHILDREN WHO DROP OUT OF THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS EACH YEAR, AS INDICATED BY THE GRADES FROM WHICH THEY LEAVETableList

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING FOR BOYS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS

TABLE 7—PER CENT OF TOTAL MALE WORKING POPULATION ENGAGED IN SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS, 1900 AND 1910TableList

What the Boys in School Will Do

TABLE 8.—DISTRIBUTION OF NATIVE BORN MEN BETWEEN THE AGES OF 21 AND 45 IN THE PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONAL GROUPSTableList

Organization and Costs

What the Elementary Schools Can Do

THE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Specialized Training Not Practicable

A General Industrial Course

Industrial Mathematics

Mechanical Drawing

Industrial Science

Shop Work

Vocational Information

TRADE TRAINING DURING THE LAST YEARS IN SCHOOL

The Technical High Schools

TABLE 9.—DISTRIBUTION OF THIRD AND FOURTH YEAR STUDENTS IN TRADE COURSES IN THE CLEVELAND TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOLS, FIRST SEMESTER, 1915-1916TableList

TABLE 10.—DISTRIBUTION BY OCCUPATION OF CLEVELAND TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATESTableList

A Two-Year Trade Course

TRADE-PREPARATORY AND TRADE-EXTENSION TRAINING FOR BOYS AND MEN AT WORK

TABLE 11.—TIME ALLOTMENT IN THE APPRENTICE COURSE GIVEN BY THE WARNER AND SWASEY COMPANY, CLEVELANDTableList

Continuation Training from 15 to 18

The Technical Night Schools

TABLE 12.—COURSES AND NUMBER ENROLLED IN THE TECHNICAL NIGHT SCHOOLS, JANUARY, 1915TableList

A Combined Program of Continuation and Trade-Extension Training

VOCATIONAL TRAINING FOR GIRLS

TABLE 13.—PER CENT OF TOTAL POPULATION ENGAGED IN GAINFUL OCCUPATIONS DURING THREE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODSTableList

TABLE 14.—NUMBER EMPLOYED IN THE PRINCIPAL WAGE-EARNING OCCUPATIONS AMONG EACH 1,000 WOMEN FROM 16 TO 21 YEARS OF AGETableList

Differentiation in the Junior High School

Specialized Training for the Sewing Trades

Other Occupations

VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE

The Work of the Vocational Counselor

The Girls' Vocation Bureau

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

SUMMARY OF REPORT ON BOYS AND GIRLS IN COMMERCIAL WORK

A General View of Commercial Work

Bookkeeping

Stenography

Clerks' Positions

Wages and Regularity of Employment

The Problem of Training

SUMMARY OF REPORT ON DEPARTMENT STORE OCCUPATIONS

Department Stores

Neighborhood Stores

Five and Ten Cent Stores

Wages and Employment

TABLE 15.—PER CENT OF WOMEN EMPLOYEES OVER 18 YEARS OF AGE EARNING $12 A WEEK AND OVERTableList

Regularity of Employment

Opportunities for Advancement

The Problem of Training

Character of the Instruction

SUMMARY OF REPORT ON THE GARMENT TRADES

Characteristics of the Working Force

Earnings

TABLE 16.—WAGES FOR FULL-TIME WORKING WEEK, WOMEN'S CLOTHING, CLEVELAND, 1915TableList

TABLE 17.—AVERAGE WAGES FOR FULL-TIME WORKING WEEK FOR SIMILAR WORKERS, MEN'S AND WOMEN'S CLOTHING, CLEVELAND, 1915TableList

Regularity of Employment

Training and Promotion

Educational Needs

Sewing Courses in the Public Schools

Elective Sewing Courses in the Junior High School

A One Year Trade Course for Girls

Trade-Extension Training

SUMMARY OF REPORT ON DRESSMAKING AND MILLINERY

Dressmaking

Millinery

The Problem of Training

SUMMARY OF REPORT ON THE METAL TRADES

Foundry and Machine Shop Products

TABLE 18.—PROPORTIONS AND ESTIMATED NUMBERS EMPLOYED IN MACHINE TOOL OCCUPATIONS, 1915TableList

TABLE 19.—AVERAGE, HIGHEST, AND LOWEST EARNINGS, IN CENTS PER HOUR, AND PER CENT EMPLOYED ON PIECE WORK AND DAY WORK, 1915TableList

TABLE 20.—ESTIMATED TIME REQUIRED TO LEARN MACHINE TOOL WORKTableList

TABLE 21.—AVERAGE EARNINGS PER HOUR IN PATTERN MAKING, MOLDING, CORE MAKING, BLACKSMITHING, AND BOILER MAKINGTableList

Automobile Manufacturing

Steel Works, Rolling Mills, and Related Industries

SUMMARY OF REPORT ON THE BUILDING TRADES

Sources of Labor Supply

TABLE 22.—ESTIMATED NUMBER OF MEN ENGAGED IN BUILDING TRADES, 1915TableList

Apprenticeship

TABLE 23.—UNION REGULATIONS AS TO ENTERING AGE OF APPRENTICESTableList

TABLE 24.—UNION REGULATIONS AS TO LENGTH OF APPRENTICESHIP PERIODTableList

Union Organization

Earnings

TABLE 25.—UNION SCALE OF WAGES IN CENTS PER HOUR MAY 1, 1915TableList

TABLE 26.—USUAL WEEKLY WAGES OF APPRENTICES IN THREE BUILDING TRADESTableList

Hours

Regularity of Employment

Health Conditions

Opportunities for Advancement

The Problem of Training

SUMMARY OF REPORT ON RAILROAD AND STREET TRANSPORTATION

Railroad Transportation

Motor and Wagon Transportation

Street Railroad Transportation

SUMMARY OF REPORT ON THE PRINTING TRADES

Composing Room Workers

TABLE 27.—AVERAGE DAILY EARNINGS OF JOB AND NEWSPAPER COMPOSING-ROOM WORKERS, 1915TableList

The Pressroom

TABLE 28.—AVERAGE DAILY EARNINGS OF PRESSROOM WORKERS, 1915TableList

The Bindery

TABLE 29.—AVERAGE DAILY EARNINGS OF BINDERY WORKERS, 1915TableList

Other Occupations

TABLE 30.—AVERAGE DAILY EARNINGS IN PHOTOENGRAVING, STEREOTYPING, ELECTROTYPING, AND LITHOGRAPHING OCCUPATIONS, 1915TableList

The Problem of Training