On Mars: Exploration of the Red Planet, 1958-1978
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Description
Contents
Reviews
Language
English
ISBN
9780486467573
ON MARS - Exploration of the Red Planet 1958-1978
Contents
Forward
Introduction
Chapters
1 - Why Mars?
Attractive Target for Exploration
Objectives in Space
2 - The Cart before the Horse: Mariner Spacecraft and Launch Vehicles
Evolution of Unmanned Space Exploration to 1960
Centaur: Troublesome Launch Vehicle
3 - The Search for Martian Life Begins: 1959-1965
The Rise of Exobiology as a Discipline
The Results of Mariner 4
4 - Perils of Advanced Planning, 1960-1967
Origins of Voyager
Misfortunes of Voyager
5 - Reorganization and the Creation of Viking
Langley Enters the Mars Business
Problems-Management Assignments and Budgets
Support for Mars Exploration
The Mission Mode Decision
6 - Viking Orbiter and Its Mariner Inheritance
Mariner Mars 69
Mariner Mars 71
First Phase of Viking Orbiter Planning
Viking Mission Definition No. 2
Mariner 69 Science Results
Quarterly Review
Money Problems at NASA
Working toward July 1975
7 - Viking Lander: Creating the Science Teams
A Team of Scientists
Selecting a Contractor
Scientists, Instruments, and Subcontractors
8 - Viking Lander: Building a Complex Spacecraft
Lander Mission Profile
Science Data Return
Top Ten Problems
Testing the Lander
Reorganizations and Additional Cutbacks
Preparing for Launch
9 - Safe Havens: Selecting Landing Sites for Viking
Financial Problems Threaten Orbital Imaging System
Preparing for Site Selection
Mariner 9's Mission
Candidate Sites
10 - Site Certification - and Landing
Planning Site Certification
The Significance of Radar
Evolving a Certification Process
Flight to Mars
Viking 1 at Mars
Second Site No Easier
Lessons Learned
11 - On Mars
Images from Orbit
Measuring the Atmosphere
On the Surface
Science on Mars
Life or No Life?
Other Results
Epilogue
Appendixes
A - Orbital Relationships of Earth and Mars
B - Voyager Project Highlights, 1966-1967
C - Summary Data from Mariner, Voyager, and Viking
D - Mars Experiments, Science Teams, and Investigators
E - Launch Vehicles for Mars Missions
F - Major Viking Contractors and Subcontractors
G - Organization Charts
Bibliographic Essay
Source Notes
Introduction
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Epilogue
Index
Authors
Tables
1 - Milestones of the Recommended U.S. Spaceflight Program, July 1958
2 - Proposed Lunar and Deep Space Program, 1958
3 - JPL-Proposed Lunar and Planetary Missions, 12 January 1959
4 - Influences on the Ten-Year Plan, 1960
5 - Centaur Launch Schedule as Modified in January 1961
6 - Physical Properties, Mars and Earth (1964)
7 - Ames Life-Detection Team Evaluation of Proposed Biology Instruments- Development Status, 1963
8 - Physical Properties of Mars: Mariner 4 Findings
9 - Highlights of Advanced Planetary Spacecraft Group Investigations, 1962
10 - Ranking of Contractors Bidding on 1963 Voyager Study
11 - AVCO Proposals for Missions to Mars, 1963
12 - Voyager System Weights from 1963 Contractor Studies
13 - Experiments Recommended for Voyager 1969 in 1963 Contractor Studies
14 - NASA Budget Summary, Fiscal 1963 to 1966
(in billions)
15 - Voyager Projected Costs (in millions)
16 - NASA Fiscal 1968 Budget (in millions)
17 - Final NASA Budget, Fiscal 1968 (in millions)
18 - Sample Areas of Scientific Interest
19 - Specific Objectives of an Early Mars Orbiter Probe
20 - Post-Voyager Proposals for Planetary Exploration Projects
21 - Estimated Costs for Mars Program (January 1968, in millions)
22 - Mars Program (January 1968)
23 - Lunar and Planetary Exploration Budget Plan, FY 1969 (in thousands)
24 - 20 Alternative Mission Modes Examined for Viking 73
25 - Viking Mission Modes Examined at 8-9 November 1968 Briefing
26 - Sources of Viking Orbiter Subsystems
27 - Mariner 69 and 71 Spacecraft Comparisons
28 - Major Test and Flight Hardware to be Developed by JPL for the Viking Orbiter
29 - Pictures from Mariner Mars 69
30 - Viking Project Orbiter System: Critical Schedule Activities, 1969
31 - Viking Project Orbiter System: Baseline Conceptual Design Changes, Expected Weights, 1969
32 - NASA Appropriations, FY 1968-1971 (in billions)
33 - Viking Orbiter Schedules
34 - Growth in Capacity of Data Storage Subsystems
35 - Viking Orbiter Specifications, 1969-1975
36 - Viking Science Proposals
37 - Key Dates in Assessment of Viking Science Proposals
38 - Estimates for Lander Payload, Septernber 1969
39 - Viking Science Cost Projections, September 1969
40 - Alternatives for 1975 Viking Launch
41 - Viking Cost Increases Because of Launch Delay
(in millions, as of June 1970)
42 - Viking Biology Instrument Schedule, 1971-1975
43 - Cost History of Viking Lander and Selected Subsystems
(in millions)
44 - Top Ten Problems
45 - Mars Surface Thermal Simulation
46 - Viking Cost Projections, 1974 (in millions)
47 - Viking Demonstration and Training Tests
48 - Candidate Landing Sites Selected August 1972
49 - Changes in Candidate Landing Sites, October 1972
50 - Polar Landing Sites Proposed December 1972
51 - Major Training Tests for Planetary Operations
52 - Geological Evolution of Martian North Polar Region
53 - Structure of Martian Atmosphere
54 - Mars and Earth Temperatures 21 July 1976
55 - Viking Radio Science Investigations
The NASA History Series
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