Physics-WEB_Sab7RrQ
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Description
Contents
Reviews
Language
Unknown
ISBN
978-1-975076-51-1
Binder1.pdf
Physics Frontmatter
Physics-PRINT.pdf
Contents
Preface
About OpenStax
About OpenStax resources
Customization
Art Atrribution in Physics
Errata
Format
Chapter Outline
Introduction
1.1 Physics: Definitions and Applications
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
What Physics Is
Physics: Past and Present
Application of Physics
Boundless Physics
The Physics of Landing on a Comet
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
1.1 Physics: Definitions and Applications
1.2 The Scientific Methods
1.3 The Language of Physics: Physical Quantities and Units
Chapter Outline
Introduction
2.1 Relative Motion, Distance, and Displacement
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Defining Motion
Snap Lab
Looking at Motion from Two Reference Frames
Links To Physics
History: Galileo's Ship
Snap Lab
Distance vs. Displacement
Watch Physics
Vectors & Scalars
Worked Example
Calculating Distance and Displacement
Tips For Success
Practice Problems
Work In Physics
Mars Probe Explosion
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
2.1 Relative Motion, Distance, and Displacement
2.2 Speed and Velocity
2.3 Position vs. Time Graphs
2.4 Velocity vs. Time Graphs
Chapter Outline
Introduction
3.1 Acceleration
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Defining Acceleration
Virtual Physics
The Moving Man
Calculating Average Acceleration
Worked Example
An Accelerating Subway Train
Worked Example
An Accelerating Subway Train
Tips For Success
Practice Problems
Watch Physics
Acceleration
Grasp Check
Snap Lab
Measure the Acceleration of a Bicycle on a Slope
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
3.1 Acceleration
3.2 Representing Acceleration with Equations and Graphs
Chapter Outline
Introduction
4.1 Force
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Defining Force and Dynamics
Free-Body Diagrams and Examples of Forces
Tips For Success
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
4.1 Force
4.2 Newton's First Law of Motion: Inertia
4.3 Newton's Second Law of Motion
4.4 Newton's Third Law of Motion
Chapter Outline
Introduction
5.1 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Graphical Methods
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
The Graphical Method of Vector Addition and Subtraction
Tips For Success
Watch Physics
Visualizing Vector Addition Examples
Using the Graphical Method of Vector Addition and Subtraction to Solve Physics Problems
Worked Example
Adding Vectors Graphically by Using the Head-to-Tail Method: A Woman Takes a Walk
Worked Example
Subtracting Vectors Graphically: A Woman Sailing a Boat
Worked Example
Adding Velocities: A Boat on a River
Practice Problems
Virtual Physics
Vector Addition
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
5.1 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Graphical Methods
5.2 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Analytical Methods
5.3 Projectile Motion
5.4 Inclined Planes
5.5 Simple Harmonic Motion
Chapter Outline
Introduction
6.1 Angle of Rotation and Angular Velocity
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Angle of Rotation
Angular Velocity
Tips For Success
Watch Physics
Relationship between Angular Velocity and Speed
Solving Problems Involving Angle of Rotation and Angular Velocity
Snap Lab
Measuring Angular Speed
Worked Example
Angle of rotation at a Clock Tower
Worked Example
How Fast Does a Car Tire Spin?
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
6.1 Angle of Rotation and Angular Velocity
6.2 Uniform Circular Motion
6.3 Rotational Motion
Chapter Outline
Introduction
7.1 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Concepts Related to Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion
Kepler’s First Law
Kepler’s Second Law
Virtual Physics
Acceleration
Calculations Related to Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion
Kepler’s First Law
Kepler’s Second Law
Worked Example
Kepler’s Second Law
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
7.1 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion
7.2 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation and Einstein's Theory of General Relativity
Chapter Outline
Introduction
8.1 Linear Momentum, Force, and Impulse
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Momentum, Impulse, and the Impulse-Momentum Theorem
Newton’s Second Law in Terms of Momentum
Tips For Success
Snap Lab
Hand Movement and Impulse
Links To Physics
Engineering: Saving Lives Using the Concept of Impulse
Solving Problems Using the Impulse-Momentum Theorem
Worked Example
Calculating Momentum: A Football Player and a Football
Worked Example
Calculating Force: Venus Williams’ Racquet
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
8.1 Linear Momentum, Force, and Impulse
8.2 Conservation of Momentum
8.3 Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
Chapter Outline
Introduction
9.1 Work, Power, and the Work–Energy Theorem
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
The Work–Energy Theorem
Watch Physics
Work and Energy
Calculations Involving Work and Power
Links To Physics
Watt’s Steam Engine
Worked Example
Applying the Work–Energy Theorem
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
9.1 Work, Power, and the Work–Energy Theorem
9.2 Mechanical Energy and Conservation of Energy
9.3 Simple Machines
Chapter Outline
Introduction
10.1 Postulates of Special Relativity
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Scientific Experiments and Problems
Tips For Success
Einstein’s Postulates
Watch Physics
The Speed of Light
Snap Lab
Measure the Speed of Light
Worked Example
Calculating the Time it Takes Light to Travel a Given Distance
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
10.1 Postulates of Special Relativity
10.2 Consequences of Special Relativity
Chapter Outline
Introduction
11.1 Temperature and Thermal Energy
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Temperature
Watch Physics
Comparing Celsius and Fahrenheit Temperature Scales
Converting Between Celsius, Kelvin, and Fahrenheit Scales
Worked Example
STRATEGY
Worked Example
Converting Between Temperature Scales: The Reaumur Scale
Practice Problems
Tips For Success
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
11.1 Temperature and Thermal Energy
11.2 Heat, Specific Heat, and Heat Transfer
11.3 Phase Change and Latent Heat
Chapter Outline
Introduction
12.1 Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Equilibrium
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Tips For Success
Work In Physics
Thermodynamics Engineer
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
12.1 Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Equilibrium
12.2 First law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Energy and Work
12.3 Second Law of Thermodynamics: Entropy
12.4 Applications of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines, Heat Pumps, and Refrigerators
Chapter Outline
Introduction
13.1 Types of Waves
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Mechanical Waves
Pulse Waves and Periodic Waves
Longitudinal Waves and Transverse Waves
Tips For Success
Watch Physics
Introduction to Waves
Fun In Physics
The Physics of Surfing
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
13.1 Types of Waves
13.2 Wave Properties: Speed, Amplitude, Frequency, and Period
13.3 Wave Interaction: Superposition and Interference
Chapter Outline
Introduction
14.1 Speed of Sound, Frequency, and Wavelength
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Properties of Sound Waves
The Speed of Sound
The Relationship Between the Speed of Sound and the Frequency and Wavelength of a Sound Wave
Virtual Physics
Sound
Tips For Success
Snap Lab
Voice as a Sound Wave
Worked Example
What Are the Wavelengths of Audible Sounds?
Practice Problems
Links To Physics
Echolocation
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
14.1 Speed of Sound, Frequency, and Wavelength
14.2 Sound Intensity and Sound Level
14.3 Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms
14.4 Sound Interference and Resonance
Chapter Outline
Introduction
15.1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Watch Physics
Electromagnetic Waves and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
Virtual Physics
Radio Waves and Electromagnetic Fields
Boundless Physics
Maxwell’s Equations
Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation
Tips For Success
Virtual Physics
Color Vision
Links To Physics
Animal Color Perception
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
15.1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
15.2 The Behavior of Electromagnetic Radiation
Chapter Outline
Introduction
16.1 Reflection
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Characteristics of Mirrors
Fun In Physics
Mirror Mazes
Watch Physics
Virtual Image
Snap Lab
Concave and Convex Mirrors
Worked Example
Calculating Focal Length
Worked Example
Calculating Object Distance
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
16.1 Reflection
16.2 Refraction
16.3 Lenses
Chapter Outline
Introduction
17.1 Understanding Diffraction and Interference
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Diffraction and Interference
Watch Physics
Single-Slit Interference
Worked Example
Two-Slit Interference
Worked Example
Single-Slit Diffraction
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
17.1 Understanding Diffraction and Interference
17.2 Applications of Diffraction, Interference, and Coherence
Chapter Outline
Introduction
18.1 Electrical Charges, Conservation of Charge, and Transfer of Charge
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Electric Charge
Links To Physics
Measuring the Fundamental Electric Charge
Snap Lab
Like and Unlike Charges
Conservation of Charge
Worked Example
What is the missing charge?
Practice Problems
Conductors and Insulators
Transfer and Separation of Charge
Fun In Physics
Create a Spark in a Science Fair
Virtual Physics
Balloons and Static Electricity
Snap Lab
Polarizing Tap Water
Worked Example
Charging Ink Droplets
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
18.1 Electrical Charges, Conservation of Charge, and Transfer of Charge
18.2 Coulomb's law
18.3 Electric Field
18.4 Electric Potential
18.5 Capacitors and Dielectrics
Chapter Outline
Introduction
19.1 Ohm's law
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Direct and Alternating Current
Snap Lab
Vegetable Current
Worked Example
Current in a Lightning Strike
Worked Example
Average Current to Charge a Capacitor
Practice Problems
Resistance and Ohm’s Law
Watch Physics
Introduction to Electricity, Circuits, Current, and Resistance
Virtual Physics
Ohm’s Law
Worked Example
Resistance of a Headlight
Worked Example
Determine Resistance from Current-Voltage Graph
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
19.1 Ohm's law
19.2 Series Circuits
19.3 Parallel Circuits
19.4 Electric Power
Chapter Outline
Introduction
20.1 Magnetic Fields, Field Lines, and Force
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Magnets and Magnetization
Watch Physics
Introduction to Magnetism
Snap Lab
Refrigerator Magnets
Magnetic Fields
Virtual Physics
Using a Compass to Map Out the Magnetic Field
Watch Physics
Magnetic Field Due to an Electric Current
Virtual Physics
Electromagnets
Magnetic Force
Links To Physics
Magnetohydrodynamic Drive
Worked Example
Trajectory of Electron in Magnetic Field
Worked Example
Wire with Current in Magnetic Field
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
20.1 Magnetic Fields, Field Lines, and Force
20.2 Motors, Generators, and Transformers
20.3 Electromagnetic Induction
Chapter Outline
Introduction
21.1 Planck and Quantum Nature of Light
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Blackbodies
Tips For Success
Understanding Blackbody Graphs
Planck’s Revolution
Quantization
Worked Example
How Many Photons per Second Does a Typical Light Bulb Produce?
Worked Example
How does Photon Energy Change with Various Portions of the EM Spectrum?
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
21.1 Planck and Quantum Nature of Light
21.2 Einstein and the Photoelectric Effect
21.3 The Dual Nature of Light
Chapter Outline
Introduction
22.1 The Structure of the Atom
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Rutherford’s Experiment
Virtual Physics
Rutherford Scattering
Absorption and Emission Spectra
Bohr’s Explanation of the Hydrogen Spectrum
Energy and Wavelength of Emitted Hydrogen Spectra
Derivation 1 (Finding the Radius of an Orbital)
Derivation 2 (Finding the Velocity of the Orbiting Electron)
Derivation 3 (Finding the Energy of the Orbiting Electron)
Strategy
Worked Example
Characteristic X-Ray Energy
Worked Example
Limits of Bohr’s Theory and the Quantum Model of the Atom
DeBroglie’s Waves
Heisenberg Uncertainty
The Quantum Model of the Atom
Chapter Outline
Introduction
23.1 The Four Fundamental Forces
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Understanding the Four Forces
Transmitting the Four Fundamental Forces
Boundless Physics
Searching for the Graviton
Accelerators Create Matter From Energy
Check Your Understanding
Section Summary
23.1 The Four Fundamental Forces
23.2 Quarks
23.3 The Unification of Forces
About Physics
Coverage and scope
Flexibility
Student-centered focus
Additional resources
Student and instructor resources
Partner resources
About the Authors
Contributing Authors
Reviewers
Chapter 1 What is Physics?
Grasp Check
1.2 The Scientific Methods
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Scientific Methods
Modeling
Snap Lab
Using Models and the Scientific Processes
Scientific Laws and Theories
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
1.3 The Language of Physics: Physical Quantities and Units
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
The Role of Units
SI Units: Fundamental and Derived Units
The Meter
The Kilogram
The Second
The Ampere
Kelvins
Metric Prefixes
Known Ranges of Length, Mass, and Time
Worked Example
Using Physics to Evaluate Promotional Materials
Accuracy, Precision and Significant Figures
Uncertainty
Percent Uncertainty
Graphing in Physics
Analyzing a Graph Using Its Equation
Using Logarithmic Scales in Graphing
Check Your Understanding
Using Scientific Notation with Physical Measurements
Unit Conversion and Dimensional Analysis
Worked Example
Unit Conversions: A Short Drive Home
Strategy
Strategy
Worked Example
Calculating Percent Uncertainty: A Bag of Apples
Strategy
Uncertainty in Calculations
Precision of Measuring Tools and Significant Figures
Zeros
Significant Figures in Calculations
Significant Figures in this Text
Worked Example
Approximating Vast Numbers: a Trillion Dollars
Strategy
Virtual Physics
Graphing Lines
Grasp Check
Key Terms
Key Equations
1.3 The Language of Physics: Physical Quantities and Units
Chapter Review
Concept Items
1.1 Physics: Definitions and Applications
1.2 The Scientific Methods
1.3 The Language of Physics: Physical Quantities and Units
Critical Thinking Items
1.1 Physics: Definitions and Applications
1.2 The Scientific Methods
1.3 The Language of Physics: Physical Quantities and Units
Problems
1.3 The Language of Physics: Physical Quantities and Units
Performance Task
1.3 The Language of Physics: Physical Quantities and Units
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
1.1 Physics: Definitions and Applications
1.2 The Scientific Methods
1.3 The Language of Physics: Physical Quantities and Units
Short Answer
1.1 Physics: Definitions and Applications
1.2 The Scientific Methods
1.3 The Language of Physics: Physical Quantities and Units
Extended Response
1.2 The Scientific Methods
1.3 The Language of Physics: Physical Quantities and Units
Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Distance vs. Displacement
Tips For Success
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Displacement Problems
Tips For Success
Strategy
Grasp Check
2.2 Speed and Velocity
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Speed
Worked Example
Calculating Average Speed
Practice Problems
Velocity
Watch Physics
Calculating Average Velocity or Speed
Worked Example
Calculating Average Velocity
Tips For Success
Worked Example
Solving for Displacement when Average Velocity and Time are Known
Tips For Success
Worked Example
Solving for Time when Displacement and Average Velocity are Known
Practice Problems
Virtual Physics
The Walking Man
Check Your Understanding
Strategy
Tips For Success
Grasp Check
Strategy
Strategy
Strategy
Grasp Check
2.3 Position vs. Time Graphs
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Graphing Position as a Function of Time
Tips For Success
Snap Lab
Graphing Motion
Worked Example
Using Position–Time Graph to Calculate Average Velocity: Jet Car, Take Two
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Solving Problems Using Position vs. Time Graphs
Worked Example
Using Position–Time Graph to Calculate Average Velocity: Jet Car
Strategy
Strategy
2.4 Velocity vs. Time Graphs
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Graphing Velocity as a Function of Time
Virtual Physics
Maze Game
Tips For Success
Tips For Success
Solving Problems using Velocity–Time Graphs
Worked Example
Using Velocity Graph to Calculate Some Stuff: Jet Car
Tips For Success
Worked Example
Using Curvy Velocity Graph to Calculate Some Stuff: jet car, Take Two
Practice Problems
Snap Lab
Graphing Motion, Take Two
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Strategy
Strategy
Grasp Check
Key Terms
Key Equations
2.1 Relative Motion, Distance, and Displacement
2.2 Speed and Velocity
2.3 Position vs. Time Graphs
2.4 Velocity vs. Time Graphs
Chapter Review
Concept Items
2.1 Relative Motion, Distance, and Displacement
2.2 Speed and Velocity
2.3 Position vs. Time Graphs
2.4 Velocity vs. Time Graphs
Critical Thinking Items
2.1 Relative Motion, Distance, and Displacement
2.2 Speed and Velocity
2.3 Position vs. Time Graphs
2.4 Velocity vs. Time Graphs
Problems
2.1 Relative Motion, Distance, and Displacement
2.2 Speed and Velocity
2.3 Position vs. Time Graphs
2.4 Velocity vs. Time Graphs
Performance Task
2.4 Velocity vs. Time Graphs
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
2.1 Relative Motion, Distance, and Displacement
2.2 Speed and Velocity
2.3 Position vs. Time Graphs
2.4 Velocity vs. Time Graphs
Short Answer
2.1 Relative Motion, Distance, and Displacement
2.2 Speed and Velocity
2.3 Position vs. Time Graphs
2.4 Velocity vs. Time Graphs
Extended Response
2.1 Relative Motion, Distance, and Displacement
2.2 Speed and Velocity
2.3 Position vs. Time Graphs
2.4 Velocity vs. Time Graphs
Chapter 3 Acceleration
Grasp Check
Strategy
Strategy
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
3.2 Representing Acceleration with Equations and Graphs
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
How the Kinematic Equations are Related to Acceleration
Virtual Physics
The Moving Man (Part 2)
Grasp Check
Applying Kinematic Equations to Situations of Constant Acceleration
Problem-Solving Steps
Summary of Problem Solving
Worked Example
Acceleration of a Dragster
Practice Problems
Constant Acceleration
Work In Physics
Effects of Rapid Acceleration
Worked Example
Falling Objects
Strategy
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Fun In Physics
Drag Racing
Grasp Check
Strategy
Grasp Check
Strategy
Key Terms
Key Equations
3.1 Acceleration
3.2 Representing Acceleration with Equations and Graphs
Chapter Review
Concept Items
3.1 Acceleration
3.2 Representing Acceleration with Equations and Graphs
Critical Thinking Items
3.1 Acceleration
3.2 Representing Acceleration with Equations and Graphs
Problems
3.1 Acceleration
3.2 Representing Acceleration with Equations and Graphs
Performance Task
3.2 Representing Acceleration with Equations and Graphs
Materials
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
3.1 Acceleration
3.2 Representing Acceleration with Equations and Graphs
Short Answer
3.1 Acceleration
3.2 Representing Acceleration with Equations and Graphs
Extended Response
3.1 Acceleration
3.2 Representing Acceleration with Equations and Graphs
Chapter 4 Forces and Newton’s Laws of Motion
4.2 Newton's First Law of Motion: Inertia
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Newton’s First Law and Friction
Mass and Inertia
Tips For Success
Watch Physics
Newton’s First Law of Motion
Virtual Physics
Forces and Motion—Basics
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
4.3 Newton's Second Law of Motion
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Describing Newton’s Second Law of Motion
Applying Newton’s Second Law
Snap Lab
Mass and Weight
Tips For Success
Watch Physics
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
Worked Example
What Acceleration Can a Person Produce when Pushing a Lawn Mower?
Worked Example
What Rocket Thrust Accelerates This Sled?
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Strategy
Strategy
4.4 Newton's Third Law of Motion
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Describing Newton’s Third Law of Motion
Applying Newton’s Third Law
Tips For Success
Links To Physics
Math: Problem-Solving Strategy for Newton’s Laws of Motion
Watch Physics
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
Worked Example
An Accelerating Subway Train
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Strategy
Key Terms
Key Equations
4.2 Newton's First Law of Motion: Inertia
4.3 Newton's Second Law of Motion
4.4 Newton's Third Law of Motion
Chapter Review
Concept Items
4.1 Force
4.2 Newton's First Law of Motion: Inertia
4.3 Newton's Second Law of Motion
4.4 Newton's Third Law of Motion
Critical Thinking Items
4.1 Force
4.2 Newton's First Law of Motion: Inertia
4.3 Newton's Second Law of Motion
4.4 Newton's Third Law of Motion
Problems
4.3 Newton's Second Law of Motion
4.4 Newton's Third Law of Motion
Performance Task
4.4 Newton's Third Law of Motion
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
4.1 Force
4.2 Newton's First Law of Motion: Inertia
4.3 Newton's Second Law of Motion
4.4 Newton's Third Law of Motion
Short Answer
4.1 Force
4.2 Newton's First Law of Motion: Inertia
4.3 Newton's Second Law of Motion
4.4 Newton's Third Law of Motion
Extended Response
4.1 Force
4.2 Newton's First Law of Motion: Inertia
4.3 Newton's Second Law of Motion
4.4 Newton's Third Law of Motion
Chapter 5 Motion in Two Dimensions
Grasp Check
Strategy
Strategy
Strategy
Grasp Check
5.2 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Analytical Methods
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Components of Vectors
Analytical Method of Vector Addition and Subtraction
Watch Physics
Classifying Vectors and Quantities Example
Tips For Success
Using the Analytical Method of Vector Addition and Subtraction to Solve Problems
Worked Example
Strategy
Practice Problems
Links To Physics
Atmospheric Science
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
5.3 Projectile Motion
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Properties of Projectile Motion
Solve Problems Involving Projectile Motion
Tips For Success
Watch Physics
Projectile at an Angle
Worked Example
A Fireworks Projectile Explodes High and Away
Worked Example
Calculating Projectile Motion: Hot Rock Projectile
Practice Problems
Virtual Physics
Projectile Motion
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Strategy
Strategy
Grasp Check
5.4 Inclined Planes
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Static Friction and Kinetic Friction
Working with Inclined Planes
Watch Physics
Inclined Plane Force Components
Tips For Success
Worked Example
Finding the Coefficient of Kinetic Friction on an Inclined Plane
Worked Example
Weight on an Incline, a Two-Dimensional Problem
Practice Problems
Snap Lab
Friction at an Angle: Sliding a Coin
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Strategy
Strategy
Grasp Check
5.5 Simple Harmonic Motion
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Hooke’s Law and Simple Harmonic Motion
Oscillations and Periodic Motion
Watch Physics
Introduction to Harmonic Motion
Solving Spring and Pendulum Problems with Simple Harmonic Motion
Tips For Success
Worked Example
Measuring Acceleration due to Gravity: The Period of a Pendulum
Worked Example
Hooke’s Law: How Stiff Are Car Springs?
Practice Problems
Snap Lab
Finding Gravity Using a Simple Pendulum
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Strategy
Strategy
Grasp Check
Key Terms
Key Equations
5.2 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Analytical Methods
5.3 Projectile Motion
5.4 Inclined Planes
5.5 Simple Harmonic Motion
Chapter Review
Concept Items
5.1 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Graphical Methods
5.2 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Analytical Methods
5.3 Projectile Motion
5.4 Inclined Planes
5.5 Simple Harmonic Motion
Critical Thinking Items
5.1 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Graphical Methods
5.2 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Analytical Methods
5.3 Projectile Motion
5.4 Inclined Planes
5.5 Simple Harmonic Motion
Problems
5.1 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Graphical Methods
5.2 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Analytical Methods
5.3 Projectile Motion
5.4 Inclined Planes
5.5 Simple Harmonic Motion
Performance Task
5.5 Simple Harmonic Motion
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
5.1 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Graphical Methods
5.2 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Analytical Methods
5.3 Projectile Motion
5.4 Inclined Planes
5.5 Simple Harmonic Motion
Short Answer
5.1 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Graphical Methods
5.2 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Analytical Methods
5.3 Projectile Motion
5.4 Inclined Planes
5.5 Simple Harmonic Motion
Extended Response
5.1 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Graphical Methods
5.2 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Analytical Methods
5.3 Projectile Motion
5.4 Inclined Planes
5.5 Simple Harmonic Motion
Chapter 6 Circular and Rotational Motion
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Strategy
Strategy
6.2 Uniform Circular Motion
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Centripetal Acceleration
Tips For Success
Virtual Physics
Ladybug Motion in 2D
Centripetal Force
Watch Physics
Centripetal Force and Acceleration Intuition
Solving Centripetal Acceleration and Centripetal Force Problems
Snap Lab
Estimating Centripetal Acceleration
Worked Example
Comparing Centripetal Acceleration of a Car Rounding a Curve with Acceleration Due to Gravity
Worked Example
Frictional Force on Car Tires Rounding a Curve
Strategy and Solution for (b)
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Strategy
Strategy and Solution for (a)
6.3 Rotational Motion
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Rotational Kinematics
Tips For Success
Fun In Physics
Storm Chasing
Torque
Solving Rotational Kinematics and Torque Problems
Watch Physics
Introduction to Torque
Worked Example
Calculating the Time for a Fishing Reel to Stop Spinning
Worked Example
Calculating the Torque on a Merry-Go-Round
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Strategy
Strategy
Key Terms
Key Equations
6.1 Angle of Rotation and Angular Velocity
6.2 Uniform Circular Motion
6.3 Rotational Motion
Chapter Review
Concept Items
6.1 Angle of Rotation and Angular Velocity
6.2 Uniform Circular Motion
6.3 Rotational Motion
Critical Thinking Items
6.1 Angle of Rotation and Angular Velocity
6.2 Uniform Circular Motion
6.3 Rotational Motion
Problems
6.1 Angle of Rotation and Angular Velocity
6.2 Uniform Circular Motion
6.3 Rotational Motion
Performance Task
6.3 Rotational Motion
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
6.1 Angle of Rotation and Angular Velocity
6.2 Uniform Circular Motion
6.3 Rotational Motion
Short Answer
6.1 Angle of Rotation and Angular Velocity
6.2 Uniform Circular Motion
6.3 Rotational Motion
Extended Response
6.1 Angle of Rotation and Angular Velocity
6.2 Uniform Circular Motion
6.3 Rotational Motion
Chapter 7 Newton's Law of Gravitation
Tips For Success
Kepler’s Third Law
Links To Physics
History: Ptolemy vs. Copernicus
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Worked Example
Kepler’s First Law
Strategy
Strategy
Kepler’s Third Law
Worked Example
Kepler’s Third Law
Strategy
7.2 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation and Einstein's Theory of General Relativity
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Concepts Related to Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation
Virtual Physics
Gravity and Orbits
Snap Lab
Take-Home Experiment: Falling Objects
Calculations Based on Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation
Tips For Success
Watch Physics
Mass and Weight Clarification
Watch Physics
Mass and Weight Clarification
Worked Example
Change in g
Worked Example
Earth’s g at the Moon
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity
Boundless Physics
NASA gravity probe B
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Strategy
Practice Problems
Key Terms
Key Equations
7.1 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion
7.2 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation and Einstein's Theory of General Relativity
Chapter Review
Concept Items
7.1 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion
7.2 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation and Einstein's Theory of General Relativity
Critical Thinking Items
7.1 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion
7.2 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation and Einstein's Theory of General Relativity
Problems
7.1 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion
Performance Task
7.2 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation and Einstein's Theory of General Relativity
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
7.1 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion
7.2 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation and Einstein's Theory of General Relativity
Short Answer
7.1 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion
7.2 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation and Einstein's Theory of General Relativity
Extended Response
7.1 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion
7.2 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation and Einstein's Theory of General Relativity
Chapter 8 Momentum
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Strategy
Strategy
8.2 Conservation of Momentum
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Conservation of Momentum
Tips For Success
Fun In Physics
Angular Momentum in Figure Skating
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
8.3 Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
Watch Physics
Momentum: Ice Skater Throws a Ball
Watch Physics
Introduction to Momentum
Snap Lab
Ice Cubes and Elastic Collisions
Tips For Success
Solving Collision Problems
Virtual Physics
Collision Lab
Worked Example
Calculating Velocity: Inelastic Collision of a Puck and a Goalie
Worked Example
Calculating Final Velocity: Elastic Collision of Two Carts
Worked Example
Calculating Final Velocity in a Two-Dimensional Collision
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Strategy
Strategy
Strategy
Key Terms
Key Equations
8.1 Linear Momentum, Force, and Impulse
8.2 Conservation of Momentum
8.3 Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
Chapter Review
Concept Items
8.1 Linear Momentum, Force, and Impulse
8.2 Conservation of Momentum
8.3 Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
Critical Thinking Items
8.1 Linear Momentum, Force, and Impulse
8.2 Conservation of Momentum
8.3 Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
Problems
8.1 Linear Momentum, Force, and Impulse
8.3 Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
Performance Task
8.3 Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
8.1 Linear Momentum, Force, and Impulse
8.2 Conservation of Momentum
8.3 Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
Short Answer
8.1 Linear Momentum, Force, and Impulse
8.2 Conservation of Momentum
8.3 Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
Extended Response
8.1 Linear Momentum, Force, and Impulse
8.2 Conservation of Momentum
8.3 Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
Chapter 9 Work, Energy, and Simple Machines
Grasp Check
Watch Physics
Watt's Role in the Industrial Revolution
Grasp Check
Strategy
Tips For Success
Practice Problems
9.2 Mechanical Energy and Conservation of Energy
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Mechanical Energy and Conservation of Energy
Virtual Physics
Energy Skate Park Basics
Calculations involving Mechanical Energy and Conservation of Energy
Tips For Success
Watch Physics
Conservation of Energy
Worked Example
Applying the Law of Conservation of Energy
Tips For Success
Practice Problems
Snap Lab
Converting Potential Energy to Kinetic Energy
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Strategy
Grasp Check
9.3 Simple Machines
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Simple Machines
Watch Physics
Introduction to Mechanical Advantage
Watch Physics
Mechanical Advantage of Inclined Planes and Pulleys
Calculating Mechanical Advantage and Efficiency of Simple Machines
Worked Example
Efficiency of a Lever
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Strategy
Key Terms
Key Equations
9.1 Work, Power, and the Work–Energy Theorem
9.2 Mechanical Energy and Conservation of Energy
9.3 Simple Machines
Chapter Review
Concept Items
9.1 Work, Power, and the Work–Energy Theorem
9.2 Mechanical Energy and Conservation of Energy
9.3 Simple Machines
Critical Thinking Items
9.1 Work, Power, and the Work–Energy Theorem
9.2 Mechanical Energy and Conservation of Energy
9.3 Simple Machines
Problems
9.1 Work, Power, and the Work–Energy Theorem
9.2 Mechanical Energy and Conservation of Energy
9.3 Simple Machines
Performance Task
9.3 Simple Machines
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
9.1 Work, Power, and the Work–Energy Theorem
9.2 Mechanical Energy and Conservation of Energy
9.3 Simple Machines
Short Answer
9.1 Work, Power, and the Work–Energy Theorem
9.2 Mechanical Energy and Conservation of Energy
9.3 Simple Machines
Extended Response
9.1 Work, Power, and the Work–Energy Theorem
9.2 Mechanical Energy and Conservation of Energy
9.3 Simple Machines
Chapter 10 Special Relativity
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Strategy
10.2 Consequences of Special Relativity
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Relativistic Effects on Time, Distance, and Momentum
Tips For Success
Mass-Energy Equivalence
Time Dilation
Length Contraction
Relativistic Momentum
Relativistic Energy
Worked Example
The Speed of Light
Practice Problems
Solution
Solution
Boundless Physics
The RHIC Collider
Grasp Check
Strategy
Check Your Understanding
Key Terms
Key Equations
10.1 Postulates of Special Relativity
10.2 Consequences of Special Relativity
Chapter Review
Concept Items
10.1 Postulates of Special Relativity
10.2 Consequences of Special Relativity
Critical Thinking Items
10.1 Postulates of Special Relativity
10.2 Consequences of Special Relativity
Problems
10.2 Consequences of Special Relativity
Performance Task
10.2 Consequences of Special Relativity
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
10.1 Postulates of Special Relativity
10.2 Consequences of Special Relativity
Short Answer
10.1 Postulates of Special Relativity
10.2 Consequences of Special Relativity
Extended Response
10.1 Postulates of Special Relativity
10.2 Consequences of Special Relativity
Chapter 11 Thermal Energy, Heat, and Work
Grasp Check
STRATEGY
11.2 Heat, Specific Heat, and Heat Transfer
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Heat Capacity
Snap Lab
Temperature Change of Land and Water
Conduction, Convection, and Radiation
Tips For Success
Virtual Physics
Energy Forms and Changes
Solving Heat Transfer Problems
Worked Example
Calculating the Required Heat: Heating Water in an Aluminum Pan
Worked Example
Calculating Temperature Increase: Truck Brakes Overheat on Downhill Runs
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
11.3 Phase Change and Latent Heat
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Phase Changes
Fun In Physics
Making Ice Cream
Solving Thermal Energy Problems with Phase Changes
Worked Example
Calculating Heat Required for a Phase Change
STRATEGY FOR (B)
Worked Example
Calculating Final Temperature from Phase Change: Cooling Soda with Ice Cubes
Tips For Success
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
STRATEGY FOR (A)
STRATEGY
Key Terms
Key Equations
11.1 Temperature and Thermal Energy
11.2 Heat, Specific Heat, and Heat Transfer
11.3 Phase Change and Latent Heat
Chapter Review
Concept Items
11.1 Temperature and Thermal Energy
11.2 Heat, Specific Heat, and Heat Transfer
11.3 Phase Change and Latent Heat
Critical Thinking Items
11.1 Temperature and Thermal Energy
11.2 Heat, Specific Heat, and Heat Transfer
11.3 Phase Change and Latent Heat
Problems
11.1 Temperature and Thermal Energy
11.2 Heat, Specific Heat, and Heat Transfer
11.3 Phase Change and Latent Heat
Performance Task
11.3 Phase Change and Latent Heat
Procedure
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
11.1 Temperature and Thermal Energy
11.2 Heat, Specific Heat, and Heat Transfer
11.3 Phase Change and Latent Heat
Short Answer
11.1 Temperature and Thermal Energy
11.2 Heat, Specific Heat, and Heat Transfer
11.3 Phase Change and Latent Heat
Extended Response
11.1 Temperature and Thermal Energy
11.2 Heat, Specific Heat, and Heat Transfer
11.3 Phase Change and Latent Heat
Chapter 12 Thermodynamics
Grasp Check
12.2 First law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Energy and Work
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Pressure, Volume, Temperature, and the Ideal Gas Law
Pressure–Volume Work
Watch Physics
Work from Expansion
The First Law of Thermodynamics
Tips For Success
Watch Physics
First Law of Thermodynamics/Internal Energy
Watch Physics
More on Internal Energy
Links To Physics
Biology: Biological Thermodynamics
Solving Problems Involving the First Law of Thermodynamics
Worked Example
Calculating Change in Internal Energy
Worked Example
Calculating Change in Internal Energy: The Same Change in U is Produced by Two Different Processes
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
12.3 Second Law of Thermodynamics: Entropy
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Entropy
Tips For Success
Second Law of Thermodynamics
Solving Problems Involving the Second Law of Thermodynamics
Worked Example
Entropy Associated with Disorder
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
STRATEGY
12.4 Applications of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines, Heat Pumps, and Refrigerators
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Heat Engines, Heat Pumps, and Refrigerators
Thermal Efficiency
Tips For Success
Solving Thermal Efficiency Problems
Worked Example
Daily Work Done by a Coal-Fired Power Station and Its Efficiency
STRATEGY
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
STRATEGY
Key Terms
Key Equations
12.2 First law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Energy and Work
12.3 Second Law of Thermodynamics: Entropy
12.4 Applications of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines, Heat Pumps, and Refrigerators
Chapter Review
Concept Items
12.1 Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Equilibrium
12.2 First law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Energy and Work
12.3 Second Law of Thermodynamics: Entropy
12.4 Applications of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines, Heat Pumps, and Refrigerators
Critical Thinking Items
12.1 Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Equilibrium
12.2 First law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Energy and Work
12.3 Second Law of Thermodynamics: Entropy
12.4 Applications of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines, Heat Pumps, and Refrigerators
Problems
12.2 First law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Energy and Work
12.4 Applications of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines, Heat Pumps, and Refrigerators
Performance Task
12.4 Applications of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines, Heat Pumps, and Refrigerators
Materials
Procedure
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
12.1 Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Equilibrium
12.2 First law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Energy and Work
12.3 Second Law of Thermodynamics: Entropy
12.4 Applications of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines, Heat Pumps, and Refrigerators
Short Answer
12.1 Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Equilibrium
12.2 First law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Energy and Work
12.3 Second Law of Thermodynamics: Entropy
12.4 Applications of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines, Heat Pumps, and Refrigerators
Extended Response
12.1 Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Equilibrium
12.2 First law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Energy and Work
12.3 Second Law of Thermodynamics: Entropy
12.4 Applications of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines, Heat Pumps, and Refrigerators
Chapter 13 Waves and Their Properties
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
13.2 Wave Properties: Speed, Amplitude, Frequency, and Period
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Wave Variables
Tips For Success
Watch Physics
Amplitude, Period, Frequency, and Wavelength of Periodic Waves
Tips For Success
The Relationship between Wave Frequency, Period, Wavelength, and Velocity
Snap Lab
Waves in a Bowl
Links To Physics
Geology: Physics of Seismic Waves
Virtual Physics
Wave on a String
Solving Wave Problems
Worked Example
Calculate the Velocity of Wave Propagation: Gull in the Ocean
Worked Example
Calculate the Period and the Wave Velocity of a Toy Spring
STRATEGY FOR (B)
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
STRATEGY
STRATEGY FOR (A)
13.3 Wave Interaction: Superposition and Interference
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Superposition of Waves
Wave Interference
Virtual Physics
Wave Interference
Standing Waves
Reflection and Refraction of Waves
Tips For Success
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Key Terms
Key Equations
13.2 Wave Properties: Speed, Amplitude, Frequency, and Period
Chapter Review
Concept Items
13.1 Types of Waves
13.2 Wave Properties: Speed, Amplitude, Frequency, and Period
13.3 Wave Interaction: Superposition and Interference
Critical Thinking Items
13.1 Types of Waves
13.2 Wave Properties: Speed, Amplitude, Frequency, and Period
13.3 Wave Interaction: Superposition and Interference
Problems
13.2 Wave Properties: Speed, Amplitude, Frequency, and Period
Performance Task
13.3 Wave Interaction: Superposition and Interference
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
13.1 Types of Waves
13.2 Wave Properties: Speed, Amplitude, Frequency, and Period
13.3 Wave Interaction: Superposition and Interference
Short Answer
13.1 Types of Waves
13.2 Wave Properties: Speed, Amplitude, Frequency, and Period
13.3 Wave Interaction: Superposition and Interference
Extended Response
13.1 Types of Waves
13.2 Wave Properties: Speed, Amplitude, Frequency, and Period
13.3 Wave Interaction: Superposition and Interference
Chapter 14 Sound
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
STRATEGY
Grasp Check
14.2 Sound Intensity and Sound Level
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Amplitude, Loudness and Energy of a Sound Wave
Tips For Success
The Decibel Scale
Snap Lab
Feeling Sound
Solving Sound Wave Intensity Problems
Worked Example
Calculating Sound Intensity Levels: Sound Waves
Worked Example
Change Intensity Levels of a Sound: What Happens to the Decibel Level?
Practice Problems
Hearing and Voice
Fun In Physics
Musical Instruments
Check Your Understanding
References
Grasp Check
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
Grasp Check
14.3 Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
The Doppler Effect of Sound Waves
Watch Physics
Introduction to the Doppler Effect
Tips For Success
Sonic Booms
Solving Problems Using the Doppler Shift Formula
Watch Physics
Doppler Effect Formula for Observed Frequency
Watch Physics
Doppler Effect Formula When Source is Moving Away
Worked Example
Calculate Doppler Shift: A Train Horn
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Strategy
14.4 Sound Interference and Resonance
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Resonance and Beats
Tips For Success
Virtual Physics
Wave Interference
Fundamental Frequency and Harmonics
Open-Pipe and Closed-Pipe Resonators
Solving Problems Involving Harmonic Series and Beat Frequency
Worked Example
Finding the Length of a Tube for a Closed-Pipe Resonator
Worked Example
Finding the Third Overtone in an Open-Pipe Resonator
Worked Example
Using Beat Frequency to Tune a Piano
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Strategy
Strategy
Strategy
Key Terms
Key Equations
14.1 Speed of Sound, Frequency, and Wavelength
14.2 Sound Intensity and Sound Level
14.3 Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms
14.4 Sound Interference and Resonance
Chapter Review
Concept Items
14.1 Speed of Sound, Frequency, and Wavelength
14.2 Sound Intensity and Sound Level
14.3 Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms
14.4 Sound Interference and Resonance
Critical Thinking Items
14.1 Speed of Sound, Frequency, and Wavelength
14.2 Sound Intensity and Sound Level
14.3 Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms
14.4 Sound Interference and Resonance
Problems
14.1 Speed of Sound, Frequency, and Wavelength
14.2 Sound Intensity and Sound Level
14.3 Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms
14.4 Sound Interference and Resonance
Performance Task
14.4 Sound Interference and Resonance
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
14.1 Speed of Sound, Frequency, and Wavelength
14.2 Sound Intensity and Sound Level
14.3 Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms
14.4 Sound Interference and Resonance
Short Answer
14.1 Speed of Sound, Frequency, and Wavelength
14.2 Sound Intensity and Sound Level
14.3 Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms
14.4 Sound Interference and Resonance
Extended Response
14.1 Speed of Sound, Frequency, and Wavelength
14.2 Sound Intensity and Sound Level
14.3 Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms
14.4 Sound Interference and Resonance
Chapter 15 Light
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
15.2 The Behavior of Electromagnetic Radiation
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Types of Electromagnetic Wave Behavior
Watch Physics
Polarization of Light, Linear and Circular
Snap Lab
Polarized Glasses
Quantitative Treatment of Electromagnetic Waves
Worked Example
Frequency and Wavelength Calculation
Worked Example
Calculating Illuminance
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
Key Terms
Key Equations
15.2 The Behavior of Electromagnetic Radiation
Chapter Review
Concept Items
15.1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
15.2 The Behavior of Electromagnetic Radiation
Critical Thinking Items
15.1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
15.2 The Behavior of Electromagnetic Radiation
Problems
15.2 The Behavior of Electromagnetic Radiation
Performance Task
15.2 The Behavior of Electromagnetic Radiation
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
15.1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
15.2 The Behavior of Electromagnetic Radiation
Short Answer
15.1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
15.2 The Behavior of Electromagnetic Radiation
Extended Response
15.1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
15.2 The Behavior of Electromagnetic Radiation
Chapter 16 Mirrors and Lenses
Grasp Check
Tips For Success
Watch Physics
Parabolic Mirrors and Real Images
The Application of the Curved Mirror Equations
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
16.2 Refraction
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
The Law of Refraction
Snap Lab
Bent Pencil
Watch Physics
Snell’s Law Example 1
Worked Example
Calculating Index of Refraction from Angles
Worked Example
Calculating Critical Angle
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Virtual Physics
Bending Light
Watch Physics
Dispersion
Links To Physics
Medicine: Endoscopes
Calculations with the Law of Refraction
Worked Example
Calculating Index of Refraction from Speed
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
16.3 Lenses
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Characteristics of Lenses
Virtual Physics
Geometric Optics
Calculations Using Lens Equations
Worked Example
The Power of a Magnifying Glass
Worked Example
Image Formation by a Convex Lens
Worked Example
Image Formation by a Concave Lens
Watch Physics
The Lens Equation and Problem Solving
Check Your Understanding
Snap Lab
Focal Length
Physics of the Eye
Strategy
Strategy
Strategy
Practice Problems
Key Terms
Key Equations
16.1 Reflection
16.2 Refraction
16.3 Lenses
Chapter Review
Concept Items
16.1 Reflection
16.2 Refraction
16.3 Lenses
Critical Thinking Items
16.1 Reflection
16.2 Refraction
16.3 Lenses
Problems
16.1 Reflection
16.2 Refraction
16.3 Lenses
Performance Task
16.3 Lenses
Procedure
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
16.1 Reflection
16.2 Refraction
16.3 Lenses
Short Answer
16.1 Reflection
16.2 Refraction
16.3 Lenses
Extended Response
16.1 Reflection
16.2 Refraction
16.3 Lenses
Chapter 17 Diffraction and Interference
Virtual Physics
Wave Interference
Calculations Involving Diffraction and Interference
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
17.2 Applications of Diffraction, Interference, and Coherence
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Wave-Based Applications of Light
Virtual Physics
Lasers
Watch Physics
Diffraction Grating
Worked Example
Diffraction Grating
Worked Example
Resolution
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Snap Lab
Diffraction Grating
Fun In Physics
CD Players
Links To Physics
Biology: DIC Microscopy
Calculations Involving Diffraction Gratings and Resolution
Snap Lab
Resolution
Worked Example
Change of Wavelength
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
Key Terms
Key Equations
17.1 Understanding Diffraction and Interference
17.2 Applications of Diffraction, Interference, and Coherence
Chapter Review
Concept Items
17.1 Understanding Diffraction and Interference
17.2 Applications of Diffraction, Interference, and Coherence
Critical Thinking Items
17.1 Understanding Diffraction and Interference
17.2 Applications of Diffraction, Interference, and Coherence
Problems
17.1 Understanding Diffraction and Interference
17.2 Applications of Diffraction, Interference, and Coherence
Performance Task
17.2 Applications of Diffraction, Interference, and Coherence
Procedure
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
17.1 Understanding Diffraction and Interference
17.2 Applications of Diffraction, Interference, and Coherence
Short Answer
17.1 Understanding Diffraction and Interference
17.2 Applications of Diffraction, Interference, and Coherence
Extended Response
17.1 Understanding Diffraction and Interference
17.2 Applications of Diffraction, Interference, and Coherence
Chapter 18 Static Electricity
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Strategy
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
STRATEGY
18.2 Coulomb's law
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Watch Physics
Electrostatics (part 1): Introduction to charge and Coulomb's law
Snap Lab
Hovering plastic
Worked Example
Using Coulomb’s law to find the force between charged objects
Worked Example
Using Coulomb’s law to find the distance between charged objects
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
18.3 Electric Field
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Virtual Physics
Probing an Electric Field
Watch Physics
Electrostatics (part 2): Interpreting electric field
Worked Example
What is the charge?
Worked Example
Electric field from doorknob
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
18.4 Electric Potential
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Watch Physics
Analogy between Gravity and Electricity
Tips For Success
Watch Physics
Voltage
Links To Physics
Electric Animals
Worked Example
X-ray Tube
STRATEGY FOR (B)
Worked Example
Electric Potential Energy of Doorknob and Dust Speck
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Electric Potential
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
STRATEGY FOR (A)
STRATEGY
18.5 Capacitors and Dielectrics
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Capacitors
Watch Physics
Where does Capacitance Come From?
Virtual Physics
Charge your Capacitor
Worked Example
Capacitance and Charge Stored in a Parallel Plate Capacitor
STRATEGY FOR (B)
Worked Example
What battery is needed to charge a capacitor?
Practice Problems
Dielectrics
Worked Example
Capacitor for Camera Flash
STRATEGY FOR (B)
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
STRATEGY FOR (A)
STRATEGY
STRATEGY FOR (A)
Key Terms
Key Equations
18.2 Coulomb's law
18.3 Electric Field
18.4 Electric Potential
18.5 Capacitors and Dielectrics
Chapter Review
Concept Items
18.1 Electrical Charges, Conservation of Charge, and Transfer of Charge
18.2 Coulomb's law
18.3 Electric Field
18.4 Electric Potential
18.5 Capacitors and Dielectrics
Critical Thinking Items
18.1 Electrical Charges, Conservation of Charge, and Transfer of Charge
18.2 Coulomb's law
18.3 Electric Field
18.4 Electric Potential
18.5 Capacitors and Dielectrics
Problems
18.1 Electrical Charges, Conservation of Charge, and Transfer of Charge
18.2 Coulomb's law
18.3 Electric Field
18.4 Electric Potential
18.5 Capacitors and Dielectrics
Performance Task
18.5 Capacitors and Dielectrics
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
18.1 Electrical Charges, Conservation of Charge, and Transfer of Charge
18.2 Coulomb's law
18.3 Electric Field
18.4 Electric Potential
18.5 Capacitors and Dielectrics
Short Answer
18.1 Electrical Charges, Conservation of Charge, and Transfer of Charge
18.2 Coulomb's law
18.3 Electric Field
18.4 Electric Potential
18.5 Capacitors and Dielectrics
Extended Response
18.1 Electrical Charges, Conservation of Charge, and Transfer of Charge
18.2 Coulomb's law
18.3 Electric Field
18.4 Electric Potential
18.5 Capacitors and Dielectrics
Chapter 19 Electrical Circuits
Grasp Check
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
19.2 Series Circuits
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Electric Circuits and Resistors
Virtual Physics
Battery-Resistor Circuit
Work In Physics
What It Takes to be an Electrical Engineer
Grasp Check
Resistors in Series and Equivalent Resistance
Watch Physics
Resistors in Series
Worked Example
Calculation of Equivalent Resistance
STRATEGY FOR (B)
Worked Example
Determine the Unknown Resistance
Check your Understanding
Grasp Check
Virtual Physics
Grasp Check
STRATEGY FOR (A)
STRATEGY
19.3 Parallel Circuits
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Resistors in Parallel
Worked Example
Find the Current through Parallel Resistors
Worked Example
Reasoning with Parallel Resistors
Practice Problems
Resistors in Parallel and in Series
Fun In Physics
Robot
Watch Physics
Resistors in Series and in Parallel
Worked Example
Find the Current through a Complex Resistor Circuit
Worked Example
Strange-Looking Circuit Diagrams
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
Watch Physics
Resistors in Parallel
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
19.4 Electric Power
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Worked Example
Find the Resistance of a Lightbulb
Worked Example
Boot Warmers
Worked Example
Power through a Branch of a Circuit
Practice Problems
Check your Understanding
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
Key Terms
Key Equations
19.1 Ohm's law
19.2 Series Circuits
19.3 Parallel Circuits
19.4 Electric Power
Chapter Review
Concept Items
19.1 Ohm's law
19.2 Series Circuits
19.3 Parallel Circuits
19.4 Electric Power
Critical Thinking Items
19.1 Ohm's law
19.2 Series Circuits
19.3 Parallel Circuits
19.4 Electric Power
Problems
19.1 Ohm's law
19.2 Series Circuits
19.3 Parallel Circuits
19.4 Electric Power
Performance Task
19.4 Electric Power
Procedure
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
19.1 Ohm's law
19.2 Series Circuits
19.3 Parallel Circuits
19.4 Electric Power
Short Answer
19.1 Ohm's law
19.2 Series Circuits
19.3 Parallel Circuits
19.4 Electric Power
Extended Response
19.1 Ohm's law
19.2 Series Circuits
19.3 Parallel Circuits
19.4 Electric Power
Chapter 20 Magnetism
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
20.2 Motors, Generators, and Transformers
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Electric Motors, Generators, and Transformers
Virtual Physics
Generator
Links To Physics
Magnetic Rope Memory
Transmission of Electrical Power
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
20.3 Electromagnetic Induction
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Changing Magnetic Fields
Virtual Physics
Faraday’s Law
Induced Electromotive Force
Virtual Physics
Faraday’s Electromagnetic Lab
Watch Physics
Induced Current in a Wire
Worked Example
EMF Induced in Conducing Coil by Moving Magnet
Worked Example
Magnetic Induction due to Changing Circuit Size
Practice Problems
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
Grasp Check
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
Key Terms
Key Equations
20.1 Magnetic Fields, Field Lines, and Force
20.3 Electromagnetic Induction
Chapter Review
Concept Items
20.1 Magnetic Fields, Field Lines, and Force
20.2 Motors, Generators, and Transformers
20.3 Electromagnetic Induction
Critical Thinking Items
20.1 Magnetic Fields, Field Lines, and Force
20.2 Motors, Generators, and Transformers
20.3 Electromagnetic Induction
Problems
20.1 Magnetic Fields, Field Lines, and Force
20.3 Electromagnetic Induction
Performance Task
20.2 Motors, Generators, and Transformers
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
20.1 Magnetic Fields, Field Lines, and Force
20.2 Motors, Generators, and Transformers
20.3 Electromagnetic Induction
Short Answer
20.1 Magnetic Fields, Field Lines, and Force
20.2 Motors, Generators, and Transformers
20.3 Electromagnetic Induction
Extended Response
20.1 Magnetic Fields, Field Lines, and Force
20.2 Motors, Generators, and Transformers
20.3 Electromagnetic Induction
Chapter 21 The Quantum Nature of Light
Strategy
Strategy
21.2 Einstein and the Photoelectric Effect
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
The Photoelectric Effect
Revolutionary Properties of the Photoelectric Effect
Tips For Success
Virtual Physics
Photoelectric Effect
Worked Example
Photon Energy and the Photoelectric Effect: A Violet Light
Practice Problems
Technological Applications of the Photoelectric Effect
Work In Physics
Solar Energy Physicist
Check Your Understanding
Grasp Check
Strategy
Grasp Check
21.3 The Dual Nature of Light
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Photon Momentum
Momentum, The Compton Effect, and Solar Sails
Worked Example
Electron and Photon Momentum Compared
Links To Physics
LightSail-1 Project
Check Your Understanding
Strategy
Tips For Success
Practice Problems
Particle-Wave Duality
Key Terms
Key Equations
21.1 Planck and Quantum Nature of Light
21.2 Einstein and the Photoelectric Effect
21.3 The Dual Nature of Light
Chapter Review
Concept Items
21.1 Planck and Quantum Nature of Light
21.2 Einstein and the Photoelectric Effect
21.3 The Dual Nature of Light
Critical Thinking Items
21.1 Planck and Quantum Nature of Light
21.2 Einstein and the Photoelectric Effect
21.3 The Dual Nature of Light
Problems
21.1 Planck and Quantum Nature of Light
21.2 Einstein and the Photoelectric Effect
21.3 The Dual Nature of Light
Performance Task
21.3 The Dual Nature of Light
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
21.1 Planck and Quantum Nature of Light
21.2 Einstein and the Photoelectric Effect
21.3 The Dual Nature of Light
Short Answer
21.1 Planck and Quantum Nature of Light
21.2 Einstein and the Photoelectric Effect
21.3 The Dual Nature of Light
Extended Response
21.1 Planck and Quantum Nature of Light
21.2 Einstein and the Photoelectric Effect
21.3 The Dual Nature of Light
Chapter 22 The Atom
Tips For Success
Worked Example
Strategy
Strategy
Virtual Physics
Models of the Hydrogen Atom
Check Your Understanding
22.2 Nuclear Forces and Radioactivity
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
The Structure of the Nucleus
Tips For Success
Radioactivity and Nuclear Forces
Nuclear Stability
Worked Example
Alpha Decay Energy Found from Nuclear Masses
Properties of Radiation
Links To Physics
Radiation Detectors
The Three Types of Radiation
Alpha Decay
Beta Decay
Gamma Decay
Worked Example
Creating a Decay Equation
Strategy
Strategy
Virtual Physics
Beta Decay
Check Your Understanding
22.3 Half Life and Radiometric Dating
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Half-Life and the Rate of Radioactive Decay
Tips For Success
Activity, the Rate of Decay
Radiometric Dating
Worked Example
Carbon-11 Decay
Worked Example
How Old is the Shroud of Turin?
Virtual Physics
Radioactive Dating Game
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Nuclear Fission
Energies in Nuclear Fission
Virtual Physics
Nuclear Fission
Tips For Success
Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear Power
Boundless Physics
Fusion Reactors
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Medical Applications of Nuclear Physics
Medical Imaging
Work In Physics
Health Physicist
Strategy
Strategy
22.4 Nuclear Fission and Fusion
Worked Example
Calculating Energy from a Kilogram of Fissionable Fuel
Strategy
Nuclear Fusion
22.5 Medical Applications of Radioactivity: Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation
Ionizing Radiation on the Body
Radiotherapy
Radiation Dosage
Tips For Success
Key Terms
Section Summary
22.1 The Structure of the Atom
22.2 Nuclear Forces and Radioactivity
22.3 Half Life and Radiometric Dating
22.4 Nuclear Fission and Fusion
22.5 Medical Applications of Radioactivity: Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation
Key Equations
22.1 The Structure of the Atom
22.2 Nuclear Forces and Radioactivity
22.3 Half Life and Radiometric Dating
22.4 Nuclear Fission and Fusion
22.5 Medical Applications of Radioactivity: Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation
Chapter Review
Concept Items
22.1 The Structure of the Atom
22.4 Nuclear Fission and Fusion
Critical Thinking Items
22.1 The Structure of the Atom
22.2 Nuclear Forces and Radioactivity
22.3 Half Life and Radiometric Dating
22.4 Nuclear Fission and Fusion
22.5 Medical Applications of Radioactivity: Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation
Problems
Performance Task
22.5 Medical Applications of Radioactivity: Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
22.1 The Structure of the Atom
22.4 Nuclear Fission and Fusion
Short Answer
22.1 The Structure of the Atom
22.2 Nuclear Forces and Radioactivity
22.3 Half Life and Radiometric Dating
22.4 Nuclear Fission and Fusion
22.5 Medical Applications of Radioactivity: Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation
Extended Response
22.1 The Structure of the Atom
22.2 Nuclear Forces and Radioactivity
22.4 Nuclear Fission and Fusion
22.5 Medical Applications of Radioactivity: Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation
Chapter 23 Particle Physics
Grasp Check
23.2 Quarks
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Quarks
Tips For Success
Hadrons and Leptons
Matter and Antimatter
Completing the Standard Model of the Atom
Tips For Success
The Higgs Boson
Check Your Understanding
Work In Physics
Particle Physicist
Grasp Check
23.3 The Unification of Forces
Section Learning Objectives
Section Key Terms
Understanding the Grand Unified Theory
Tips For Success
The Standard Model and the Big Bang
Check Your Understanding
Key Terms
Chapter Review
Concept Items
23.1 The Four Fundamental Forces
23.2 Quarks
23.3 The Unification of Forces
Critical Thinking Items
23.1 The Four Fundamental Forces
23.2 Quarks
23.3 The Unification of Forces
Problems
Performance Task
23.3 The Unification of Forces
Test Prep
Multiple Choice
23.1 The Four Fundamental Forces
23.2 Quarks
23.3 The Unification of Forces
Short Answer
23.1 The Four Fundamental Forces
23.2 Quarks
23.3 The Unification of Forces
Extended Response
23.1 The Four Fundamental Forces
23.2 Quarks
23.3 The Unification of Forces
Appendix A Reference Tables
Index
Blank Page
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