The Deaf Their Position in Society and the Provision for Their Education in the United States
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THE DEAF
FOREWORD
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
PART I POSITION OF THE DEAF IN SOCIETY
CHAPTER I
THE DEAF IN THE UNITED STATES
Meaning of Term "Deaf" in the Present Study
Number of the Deaf in the United States
Age When Deafness Occurred
Ability of the Deaf to Speak
Means of Communication Employed by the Deaf
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER II
THE DEAF AS A PERMANENT ELEMENT OF THE POPULATION
Increase in the Number of the Deaf in Relation to the Increase in the General Population
The Adventitiously Deaf and the Congenitally Deaf
Adventitious Deafness and its Causes
Possible Action for the Prevention of Adventitious Deafness
Adventitious Deafness as an Increasing or Decreasing Phenomenon
The Congenitally Deaf
The Offspring of Consanguineous Marriages
The Deaf Having Deaf Relatives
The Offspring of Deaf Parents
Possible Action for the Prevention of Congenital Deafness
Congenital Deafness as an Increasing or Decreasing Phenomenon
Conclusions with Respect to the Elimination or Prevention of Deafness
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER III
TREATMENT OF THE DEAF BY THE STATE
General Attitude of the Law towards the Deaf
Legislation Discriminatory respecting the Deaf
Legislation in Protection of the Deaf
Legislation in Aid of the Deaf
Tenor of Court Decisions Affecting the Deaf
Present Trend of the Law in Respect to the Deaf
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER IV
ECONOMIC CONDITION OF THE DEAF
Extent to Which the Deaf are a Wage-earning and Self-supporting Element of the Population
Views of the Deaf as to their Economic Standing
The Deaf as Alms-seekers
Homes for the Deaf
Conclusions with Respect to the Economic Position of the Deaf
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER V
SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF THE DEAF
Social Cleavage from the General Population
Desirability of Organizations Composed of the Deaf
Purposes, Activities and Extent of Such Organizations
Newspapers of the Deaf
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER VI
POPULAR CONCEPTIONS CONCERNING THE DEAF
Viewed as a Strange Class
Viewed as a Defective Class
Viewed as an Unhappy Class
Viewed as a Dependent Class
Need of a Changed Regard for the Deaf
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER VII
PRIVATE ORGANIZATIONS INTERESTED IN THE DEAF
General Societies Interested in the Deaf
The Volta Bureau
Parents' Associations for the Deaf
Church Missions to the Deaf
Organizations Interested in the Education of the Deaf
Publications Devoted to the Interests of the Deaf
FOOTNOTES:
PART II PROVISION FOR THE EDUCATION OF THE DEAF
CHAPTER VIII
THE EDUCATION OF THE DEAF PRIOR TO ITS INTRODUCTION INTO THE UNITED STATES
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER IX
HISTORY OF EDUCATION OF THE DEAF IN THE UNITED STATES
Early Attempts at Instruction
Beginning of the First Schools
Early Ideas concerning the Schools for the Deaf
Aims of the Founders
Extension of the Means of Instruction over the Country
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER X
ORGANIZATION OF THE INSTITUTIONS AND GENERAL PROVISIONS
Arrangements in the Different States
Semi-Public Institutions
"Dual Schools"
Provision for the Deaf-Blind
Provision for the Feeble-minded Deaf
Government of the Different Institutions
Procedure in States without Institutions
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER XI
THE DAY SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Inception and Growth of the Day School
Design and Scope of Day Schools
Extent and Organization of Day Schools
Arguments for the Day School
Arguments against the Day School
Evening Day Schools for Adults
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER XII
DENOMINATIONAL AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS
Denominational Schools
Private Schools
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER XIII
THE NATIONAL COLLEGE
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER XIV
PROVISION FOR EDUCATION BY STATES
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER XV
CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS FOR SCHOOLS
Extent of Constitutional Provisions
Language and Forms of Provisions
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER XVI
QUESTION OF THE CHARITY CONNECTION OF SCHOOLS
Institutions Sometimes Regarded as Educational: Sometimes as Charitable
Charity in Connection with Schools for the Deaf
Arguments for the Connection with the Boards of Charities
Arguments in Opposition to the Connection
Conclusions in Respect to the Charity Connection of Schools for the Deaf
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER XVII
PROVISIONS CONCERNING ADMISSION OF PUPILS INTO SCHOOLS
Rules as to the Payment of Fees
Provision for Collateral Support of Pupils
Age Limits of Attendance
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER XVIII
ATTENDANCE IN SCHOOLS
The Proportion of the Deaf in the Schools
The Need of Compulsory Education Laws for the Deaf
Present Extent of Compulsory Education Laws
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER XIX
METHODS OF INSTRUCTION IN SCHOOLS
The Use of Signs as a Means of Communication
Rise and Growth of the Oral Movement
Present Methods of Instruction
Courses of Study and Gradations of Pupils
Industrial Training in the Schools
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER XX
COST TO THE STATE FOR EDUCATION
Value of the Property Used for the Education of the Deaf
Cost of the Maintenance of the Schools
Form of Public Appropriations
Cost to the State for Each Pupil
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER XXI
PUBLIC DONATIONS OF LAND TO SCHOOLS
Grants by the National Government
Grants by the States
Grants by Cities or Citizens
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER XXII
PRIVATE BENEFACTIONS TO SCHOOLS
Donations of Money to Schools
Gifts for Pupils in the Schools
Present Tendencies of Private Benefactions
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER XXIII
CONCLUSIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE WORK FOR THE DEAF IN AMERICA
APPENDIX A
HOMES FOR THE DEAF IN AMERICA
APPENDIX B
TABLES WITH RESPECT TO SCHOOLS FOR THE DEAF IN AMERICA
I. PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS.
II. PUBLIC DAY SCHOOLS
III. DENOMINATIONAL AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS
INDEX
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