Conservation of marine birds of northern North America: papers from the international symposium held at the Seattle Hyatt House
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CONSERVATION OF MARINE BIRDS OF NORTHERN NORTH AMERICA Papers from the International Symposium held at the Seattle Hyatt House, Seattle, Washington, 13-15 May 1975
Contents
Foreword
Introduction
MARINE ENVIRONMENT OF BIRDS
Long-term Climatic and Oceanographic Cycles Regulating Seabird Distributions and Numbers
Abstract
Small-scale or Short-term Influences
Detecting the Effects of Long-term Cycles
Conclusions
Abstract
Small-scale or Short-term Influences
Detecting the Effects of Long-term Cycles
Conclusions
Sea Ice as a Factor in Seabird Distribution and Ecology in the Beaufort, Chukchi, and Bering Seas
Abstract
General Effects of Ice on Birds
Specific Effects of Ice on Birds in the Western Arctic
Discussion
References
FOOTNOTES:
Abstract
General Effects of Ice on Birds
Specific Effects of Ice on Birds in the Western Arctic
Discussion
References
FOOTNOTES:
STATUS OF MARINE BIRD POPULATIONS
Distribution and Status of Marine Birds Breeding Along the Coasts of the Chukchi and Bering Seas
Abstract
Information Base
Status and Distribution
Conclusions and Recommendations
References
FOOTNOTES:
Abstract
Information Base
Status and Distribution
Conclusions and Recommendations
References
FOOTNOTES:
Breeding Distribution and Status of Marine Birds in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska
Abstract
Ornithological Investigations in the Aleutians
Methods
Status and Distribution of Breeding Seabirds
Recommendations
Acknowledgments
References
FOOTNOTES:
Abstract
Ornithological Investigations in the Aleutians
Methods
Status and Distribution of Breeding Seabirds
Recommendations
Acknowledgments
References
FOOTNOTES:
The Historical Status of Nesting Seabirds of the Northern and Western Gulf of Alaska
Abstract
Summary of the Historical Record
Current Status
Conclusions
References
Abstract
Summary of the Historical Record
Current Status
Conclusions
References
Status and Distribution of Breeding Seabirds of Southeastern Alaska, British Columbia, and Washington
Abstract
Taxonomic Distribution of Marine Birds
Southeastern Alaska
British Columbia
Washington State
Nest-site Preferences
Population Changes
Discussion
References
FOOTNOTES:
Abstract
Taxonomic Distribution of Marine Birds
Southeastern Alaska
British Columbia
Washington State
Nest-site Preferences
Population Changes
Discussion
References
FOOTNOTES:
THE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY OF MARINE BIRDS IN THE NORTH
Trophic Relations of Seabirds in the Northeastern Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea
Abstract
Diets of Seabirds in Western North America
Trophic Relations Within Seabird Communities
Trophic Relations and Seabird Conservation
Recommendations for Further Research
Acknowledgments
References
FOOTNOTES:
Abstract
Diets of Seabirds in Western North America
Trophic Relations Within Seabird Communities
Trophic Relations and Seabird Conservation
Recommendations for Further Research
Acknowledgments
References
FOOTNOTES:
Population Dynamics in Northern Marine Birds
Abstract
Population Fluctuations
Theoretical Considerations
General Characteristics of Marine Birds and Waterfowl
Use of General Principles in Solving Conservation Problems
Goals for Research on Population Dynamics of Seabirds for Purposes of Conservation
The Relation of the Products of Biological Research to Programs for Conservation of Marine Bird Resources
References
Abstract
Population Fluctuations
Theoretical Considerations
General Characteristics of Marine Birds and Waterfowl
Use of General Principles in Solving Conservation Problems
Goals for Research on Population Dynamics of Seabirds for Purposes of Conservation
The Relation of the Products of Biological Research to Programs for Conservation of Marine Bird Resources
References
Time-Energy Use and Life History Strategies of Northern Seabirds
Abstract
Cost of Living
Time-energy Use Beyond the Cost of Living
Annual Time and Energy Budgets
Life History Strategies
Conclusions
References
FOOTNOTES:
Abstract
Cost of Living
Time-energy Use Beyond the Cost of Living
Annual Time and Energy Budgets
Life History Strategies
Conclusions
References
FOOTNOTES:
Zoogeography and Taxonomic Relationships of Seabirds in Northern North America
Abstract
FOOTNOTES:
Abstract
FOOTNOTES:
CONFLICTS BETWEEN THE CONSERVATION OF MARINE BIRDS AND USES OF OTHER RESOURCES
Social and Economic Values of Marine Birds
Abstract
Historical Perspective
Social and Economic Indicators
Conclusions
References
FOOTNOTES:
Abstract
Historical Perspective
Social and Economic Indicators
Conclusions
References
FOOTNOTES:
Resource Development Along Coasts and on the Ocean Floor: Potential Conflicts with Marine Bird Conservation
Abstract
The Region and its Avifauna
Current and Planned Resource Development
Assessment of Resource Development and Potential Conflicts with Marine Bird Conservation
Conclusions
References
Abstract
The Region and its Avifauna
Current and Planned Resource Development
Assessment of Resource Development and Potential Conflicts with Marine Bird Conservation
Conclusions
References
Mortality to Marine Birds Through Commercial Fishing
Abstract
Inshore Fisheries
Atlantic Offshore Gill-net Fishery
Pacific Offshore Salmon Gill-net Fishery
Mortality of Albatrosses
Long-term Effects of Developing Capelin Fishery in Northwest Atlantic
References
FOOTNOTES:
Abstract
Inshore Fisheries
Atlantic Offshore Gill-net Fishery
Pacific Offshore Salmon Gill-net Fishery
Mortality of Albatrosses
Long-term Effects of Developing Capelin Fishery in Northwest Atlantic
References
FOOTNOTES:
Interactions Among Marine Birds and Commercial Fish in the Eastern Bering Sea
Abstract
Commercial Fish Resources of the Eastern Bering Sea
Routes of Interaction Between Marine Birds and Commercial Fish
Abundance and Feeding Habits of Marine Birds in the Eastern Bering Sea
Predation by Marine Birds
Aspects of the Life Histories of Fish Related to Predation by Marine Birds
Influence of Growth Rate and Adult Size of Fish on the Extent of Predation
Competition Between Commercial Fish and Marine Birds
Dependency of Marine Birds on Commercial Fish
Environmental Influence on Predation and Competition Between Marine Birds and Commercial Fish
Possible Influences of Man on the Interaction of Marine Birds with Commercial Fish
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
FOOTNOTES:
Abstract
Commercial Fish Resources of the Eastern Bering Sea
Routes of Interaction Between Marine Birds and Commercial Fish
Abundance and Feeding Habits of Marine Birds in the Eastern Bering Sea
Predation by Marine Birds
Aspects of the Life Histories of Fish Related to Predation by Marine Birds
Influence of Growth Rate and Adult Size of Fish on the Extent of Predation
Competition Between Commercial Fish and Marine Birds
Dependency of Marine Birds on Commercial Fish
Environmental Influence on Predation and Competition Between Marine Birds and Commercial Fish
Possible Influences of Man on the Interaction of Marine Birds with Commercial Fish
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
FOOTNOTES:
Interrelations Between Seabirds and Introduced Animals
Abstract
Animal Introductions
Conclusions
References
FOOTNOTES:
Abstract
Animal Introductions
Conclusions
References
FOOTNOTES:
Oil Vulnerability Index for Marine Oriented Birds
Abstract
Methods
Results
Discussion
References
Abstract
Methods
Results
Discussion
References
PROGRAMS AND AUTHORITIES RELATED TO MARINE BIRD CONSERVATION
Programs and Authorities Related to Marine Bird Conservation in Washington State
Abstract
Abstract
Programs and Authorities of the Province of British Columbia Related to Marine Bird Conservation
Abstract
Abstract
Petroleum Industry's Role in Marine Bird Conservation
Abstract
Biological Problems
People Problems
Contingency Planning
What Has Been Accomplished
Marine Mammals
Conclusions
References
Abstract
Biological Problems
People Problems
Contingency Planning
What Has Been Accomplished
Marine Mammals
Conclusions
References
CONSERVATION OF MARINE BIRDS IN OTHER LANDS
Conservation of Marine Birds in New Zealand
Abstract
Conservation Measures
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Abstract
Conservation Measures
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Marine Birds in the Danish Monarchy and Their Conservation
Abstract
Seabirds in Denmark
The Faroe Islands
Greenland
References
FOOTNOTES:
Abstract
Seabirds in Denmark
The Faroe Islands
Greenland
References
FOOTNOTES:
Present Status and Trends in Population of Seabirds in Norway
Abstract
Material and Methods
Results
Estimates of Total Seabird Population in Norway
Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
FOOTNOTES:
Abstract
Material and Methods
Results
Estimates of Total Seabird Population in Norway
Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
FOOTNOTES:
SYMPOSIUM SUMMARY
Conservation of Marine Birds of Northern North America—A Summary
Magnitude and Importance of the Resource
Characteristics of the Resource
Ecology and Functioning of the Resource
Vulnerability of the Resource
Past Damage to the Resource
Major Threats to the Bird Populations
Practicability of Conservation
Conservation Needs for North Pacific Seabirds
A Rationale for Conservation
Economic Feasibility of Conservation
Conclusions
Summary
Magnitude and Importance of the Resource
Characteristics of the Resource
Ecology and Functioning of the Resource
Vulnerability of the Resource
Past Damage to the Resource
Major Threats to the Bird Populations
Practicability of Conservation
Conservation Needs for North Pacific Seabirds
A Rationale for Conservation
Economic Feasibility of Conservation
Conclusions
Summary
APPENDIX Papers and Oral Summaries Presented at the Symposium but Which Do Not Appear in this Publication
FOOTNOTES:
TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES
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