AQA Biology: A Level
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Description
Contents
Reviews
Language
English
ISBN
9780198378433
Front Cover
Title Page
AS/A Level course structure
Contents
How to use this book
Kerboodle
Section 1 Biological molecules
1 Biological molecules
1.1 Introduction to biological molecules
1.2 Carbohydrates – monosaccharides
1.3 Carbohydrates – disaccharides and polysaccharides
1.4 Starch, glycogen and cellulose
1.5 Lipids
1.6 Proteins
1.7 Enzyme action
1.8 Factors affecting enzyme action
1.9 Enzyme inhibition
Practice questions: Chapter 1
Section 1 Practice questions
2 Nucleic acids
2.1 Structure of RNA and DNA
2.2 DNA replication
2.3 Energy and ATP
2.4 Water and its functions
Practice questions: Chapter 2
Section 1 Summary
Section 2 Cells
3 Cell structure
3.1 Methods of studying cells
3.2 The electron microscope
3.3 Microscope measurements and calculations
3.4 Eukaryotic cell structure
3.5 Cell specialisation and organisation
3.6 Prokaryotic cells and viruses
3.7 Mitosis
3.8 The cell cycle
Practice questions: Chapter 3
Section 2 Practice questions
4 Transport across cell membranes
4.1 Structure of the cell-surface membrane
4.2 Diffusion
4.3 Osmosis
4.4 Active transport
4.5 Co-transport and absorption of glucose in the ileum
Practice questions: Chapter 4
5 Cell recognition and the immune system
5.1 Defence mechanisms
5.2 Phagocytosis
5.3 T lymphocytes and cell-mediated immunity
5.4 B lymphocytes and humoral immunity
5.5 Antibodies
5.6 Vaccination
5.7 The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Practice questions: Chapter 5
Section 2 Summary
Section 3 Organisms exchange substances with their environment
6 Exchange
6.1 Exchange between organisms and their environment
6.2 Gas exchange in single-celled organisms and insects
6.3 Gas exchange in fish
6.4 Gas exchange in the leaf of a plant
6.5 Limiting water loss
6.6 Structure of the humangas-exchange system
6.7 The mechanism of breathing
6.8 Exchange of gases in the lungs
6.9 Enzymes and digestion
6.10 Absorption of the products of digestion
Practice questions: Chapter 6
Section 3 Practice questions
7 Mass transport
7.1 Haemoglobin
7.2 Transport of oxygen by haemoglobin
7.3 Circulatory system of a mammal
7.4 The structure of the heart
7.5 The cardiac cycle
7.6 Blood vessels and their functions
7.7 Transport of water in the xylem
7.8 Transport of organic substances in the phloem
7.9 Investigating transport in plants
Practice questions: Chapter 7
Section 3 Summary
Section 4 Genetic information, variation and relationships between organisms
8 DNA, genes and protein synthesis
8.1 Genes and the genetic code
8.2 DNA and chromosomes
8.3 Structures of ribonucleic acid
8.4 Polypeptide synthesis –transcription and splicing
8.5 Polypeptide synthesis – translation
Practice questions: Chapter 8
Section 4 Practice questions
9 Genetic diversity and adaptation
9.1 Gene mutation
9.2 Meiosis and genetic variation
9.3 Genetic diversity and adaptation
9.4 Types of selection
Practice questions: Chapter 9
10 Biodiversity
10.1 Species and taxonomy
10.2 Diversity within a community
10.3 Species diversity and human activities
10.4 Investigating diversity
10.5 Quantitative investigations of variation
Practice questions: Chapter 10
Section 4 Summary
Section 5 Energy transfer in and between organisms
11 Photosynthesis
11.1 Overview of photosynthesis
11.2 The light-dependent reaction
11.3 The light-independent reaction
Practice questions: Chapter 11
Section 5 Practice questions
12 Respiration
12.1 Glycolysis
12.2 Link reaction and Krebs cycle
12.3 Oxidative phosphorylation
12.4 Anaerobic respiration
Practice questions: Chapter 12
13 Energy and ecosystems
13.1 Food chains and energy transfer
13.2 Energy transfer and productivity
13.3 Nutrient cycles
13.4 Use of natural and artificial fertilisers
13.5 Environmental issues concerninguse of nitrogen-containing fertilisers
Practice questions: Chapter 13
Section 5 Summary
Section 6 Organisms respond to changes in their environment
14 Response to stimuli
14.1 Survival and response
14.2 Plant growth factors
14.3 A reflex arc
14.4 Receptors
14.5 Control of heart rate
Practice questions: Chapter 14
Section 6 Practice questions
15 Nervous coordination and muscles
15.1 Neurones and nervous coordination
15.2 The nerve impulse
15.3 Passage of an action potential
15.4 Speed of the nerve impulse
15.5 Structure and function of synapses
15.6 Transmission across a synapse
15.7 Structure of skeletal muscle
15.8 Contraction of skeletal muscle
Practice questions: Chapter 15
16 Homeostasis
16.1 Principles of homeostasis
16.2 Feedback mechanisms
16.3 Hormones and the regulation of blood glucose concentration
16.4 Diabetes and its control
16.5 Control of blood water potential –structure of the nephron
16.6 Role of the nephron in osmoregulation
16.7 The role of hormones inosmoregulation
Practice questions: Chapter 16
Section 6 Summary
Section 7 Genetics, populations, evolution,and ecosystems
17 Inherited change
17.1 Studying inheritance
17.2 Monohybrid inheritance
17.3 Probability and genetic crosses
17.4 Dihybrid inheritance
17.5 Codominance and multiple alleles
17.6 Sex-linkage
17.7 Autosomal linkage
17.8 Epistasis
17.9 The chi-squared (χ2) test
Practice questions: Chapter 17
Section 7 Practice questions
18 Populations and evolution
18.1 Population genetics
18.2 Variation in phenotype
18.3 Natural selection
18.4 Effects of different forms of selectionon evolution
18.5 Isolation and speciation
Practice questions: Chapter 18
19 Populations in ecosystems
19.1 Populations and ecosystems
19.2 Variation in population size
19.3 Competition
19.4 Predation
19.5 Investigating populations
19.6 Succession
19.7 Conservation of habitats
Practice questions: Chapter 19
Section 7 Summary
Section 8 The control of gene expression
20 Gene expression
20.1 Gene mutations
20.2 Stem cells and totipotency
20.3 Regulation of transcription and translation
20.4 Epigenetic control of gene expression
20.5 Gene expression and cancer
20.6 Genome projects
Practice questions: Chapter 20
Section 8 Practice questions
21 Recombinant DNA technology
21.1 Producing DNA fragments
21.2 In vivo gene cloning – the use of vectors
21.3 In vitro gene cloning – thepolymerase chain reaction
21.4 Locating genes, genetic screening, and counselling
21.5 Genetic fingerprinting
Practice questions: Chapter 21
Section 8 Summary
Section 9 Skills in A level BiologyChapter 22 Mathematical skills
Chapter 23 Practical skills
Answers to questions
Practical questions – answers
Glossary
Index
Back Cover
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